CXIV 



Report of Implements shown at Liverpool. 



EXPERIMENTS ON THE DRAUGHT OF PLOUGHS. 



Makers' Names. 



Perry, Barrett, and Co. 

 Hart 

 Ditto 



Ransome . 

 Sanders, Williams & Co, 

 Howard . 

 Ditto 



Adams . 

 Sanders, Williams & Co. 

 Hart 



Hughes . 

 Harling . 

 Wilkie . 

 Ditto 



H. Turner 



E. Brayton 

 Love . . 

 Drummond 



Glover 



Residence. 



b o o 

 2; 



Reading 



Wantage, Berks. . 

 Ditto . 

 Ipswich 

 Bedford 

 Ditto . 

 Ditto . 

 Northampton 

 Bedford 

 Wantage 



Halkin, Flintshire 

 SedgVTick, Kendal 

 Uddington, near Glasgow 

 Ditto . 



f Killiugworth , near 

 \ Newcastle 

 Carlisle 

 Northampton 

 Stirlmg, N.B. 



Thrussington 



Number 



of 

 Wheels. 



Slice 



Depth 

 inches. 



cut. 



Width 

 inches 



1-2 1 



a CZ3 





1 



4i. 



10 



22 





1 



5 





26 





1 



5 



11 



28 





2 



5 



11 



28 



Rutland, N.L. 



2 



5 



11 



28 



Patent Coulter. 



2 





1 ]^ 



28 



Pat&nt Scotch. 



2 







32 





2 



5 



■y \ 



32 





2 



5 



\ 1 



32 





2 





g 



34 



Double Furrow. 



Swing 



5 



11 



28 







5 



11 



30 



Friction Sole Wheel. 





5 



11 



32 







5 



11 



36 







5 



11 



36 







5 



11 



36 







5 





40 







5 





40 









ill 







2 



1 





24 



Turf Parer. J 











A few observations are requisite lest these experiments should be con- 

 sidered as determinate, in the opinion of the Judges, not only of the in- 

 trinsic merits of any particular plough, but of the debateable question of 

 the relative advantages of swing and wheel ploughs. The peculiar cir- 

 cumstances under which these experiments were tried do not permit such 

 final conclusions to be safely drawn. First, the greater number of the 

 ploughs were new, and many of the mould-boards were freshly painted, 

 or had never been in the ground, which must have necessarily augmented 

 their friction ; secondly, some of the ploughmen were inexperienced in 

 the management of the plough w^hich they directed : thirdly, where so 

 many teams of horses were required, some of them were unaccustomed 

 to the work, and did not draw well together. Still, with these reserva- 

 tions, the trials greatly tended to assist the Judges in their awards ; and 

 the dynamometer disclosed facts, as to the relative resistance opposed by 

 the different kinds of ploughs, which cannot fail to be of interest and 

 utility to the agriculturist, and also to the constructor. 



It appears that, in almost every case, the draught of the wheel-ploughs 

 was less than that of the swing kind ; and it must not be concealed that 

 the wheel-ploughs, in every case, actually turned over more soil than the 

 swing : for the share and sole of the former maintained a flat, horizontal 

 position; whereas all the swing-ploughs leaned more or less to the land- 

 side, cutting to a less depth on the right than on the left hand side. 

 Consequently, the furrow bottoms left by the wheel-ploughs were more 

 even than those excavated by the swing-ploughs. This difference in the 

 action of the two kinds of ploughs was less observable in the swing- 

 plough made by Mr. Hughes of Halkin (exhibited by the Hon. E. 

 Mostyn), which cut a much more even sole than the others, and ojQfered 

 the least resistance of any plough of that description. It is worthy of 



