26 



RESIDENCE AT RIO DE JANEIRO. 



dominions of His Portuguese Majesty, are the genuine European 

 Portuguese ; Brazilians, or Portuguese born in Brazil, of more or 

 less pure descent ; Mulattos, the offspring of whites and negroes ; 

 Mamelukes, the ofi\spring of whites and Indians, also called Meztizos ; 

 genuine Negroes from Africa; Creoles, born of negroes in Brazil; 

 Caribocos, of negroes and Indians ; Indios, pure Indians, or aboriginal 

 inhabitants of the country, the civilised part of whom are called 

 Caboclos, while those who are still in the rude state of nature are 

 distinguished by the names of Gentios and Tapuyas. 



Of all these varieties of colour many specimens are met with in 

 Rio de Janeiro; but the Tapuyas are rarely seen, and then but 

 singly. On first entering the town you behold this remarkable mixture 

 of races engaged in various occupations, and besides them, natives of 

 all the countries of Europe. Englishmen, Spaniards, and Italians, 

 are very numerous here ; many Frenchmen now emigrate hither from 

 their own country ; Germans, Dutch, Swedes, Dan'es, and Russians, 

 are met with in smaller numbers. Negroes, some of them half 

 naked, are seen drawing heavy burdens ; and this useful race of men 

 convey all the merchandise from the harbour into the city : united in 

 parties of ten or twelve, and keeping time together by a kind of song, 

 or rather howl, they carry ponderous loads, suspended from long poles. 

 Carts are never used for the transport of goods ; on the other hand, 

 many coaches, and other vehicles, drawn by mules, are seen in the 

 streets, which are for the most part ill paved, but provided with a 

 space on each side for foot passengers. The streets mostly intersect each 

 other at right angles ; while the houses are in general low, of one or 

 two stories. In some quarters of the city, however, there are more 

 extensive edifices, especially in the neighbourhood of the port, of the 

 Kua direita, and near the royal palace, which, though not remarka- 

 bly magnificent, is finely situated, and from which there is a noble 

 prospect towards the sea. Among the more distinguished buildings 



