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JOURNEY PROM THE RIO DOCE 



differing still more. The latter position seems to be the more accurate, 

 since at the spot where that map places the St. Matthew, the river 

 Mucuri must fall into the sea. About eight leagues up is the town 

 of St. Matthew, the situation of which is said not to be very healthy 

 on account of the contiguous marshes. It contains about 100 houses, 

 and has in its district near 3000 inhabitants, both whites and people 

 of colour. As one of the newest towns in the district of Porto Se- 

 guro, it is in a thriving condition. The inhabitants cultivate a great 

 deal of mandiocca, and export annually 60,000 alquieres of flour; and 

 also planks from the neighbouring forests. It is only about eight 

 leagues beyond the town of St. Matthew up the river that cultivated 

 land is met with; that is, to the station of Galveyas, the last military 

 post established to keep off the savages. About half a league up the 

 river is the Indian village of Santa Anna, which is composed of about 

 twenty Indian families, consisting of seventy persons. Soon after our 

 departure, a Botocudo was killed at Santa Anna. He was an aged 

 man, and wore large plugs of wood in the ears and lower lip. Mr. 

 Freyreiss, who visited this part again in the month of February, took 

 the skull of this savage with him, and it is now in the possession of 

 Professor Sparrmann. 



In the woods on the banks of the river St. Matthew, the uncivilised 

 Indians are very numerous, and they all live in constant warfare with 

 the whites in this part of the country. In the course of the last year 

 » seventeen persons were killed by them. The northern bank is haunted 



by the Patachos, Cumanachos, Machacalis (called by the Portuguese 

 Machacaris, they themselves cannot pronounce the 7' well), and other 

 tribes, as far as Porto Seguro. The Botocudos also are numerous, 

 and said to be chiefly in possession of the south bank ; they are feared 

 by the other tribes, and are considered as enemies by the rest, who 

 on account of their inferior numbers make common cause against 

 them. The plantations belonging to a fazenda higher up the river 



