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REV. JAMES GOSSET-TANNER, M.A., ON 



Word of God that we must come for a clear distinction between 

 soul and spirit. Heard points out that here we have a valuable 

 comparison : " That which the marrow is to the joints, 

 that the spirit is to the soul. As marrow is flesh within flesh, 

 so the spirit is a soul within the soul. The comparison of 

 Justin Martyr that the body is the house of the soul, and 

 the soul the house of the spirit, is another illustration to the 

 same effect ; it points to the same thought that the spirit lies 

 encased within the soul, as the soul within the body."* 



By this view of the threefold nature of man, we can reconcile 

 the Traducian and Creationist theories, which for a long time 

 perplexed philosophers. We can believe with the former that 

 the soul and body are derived from our parents, and with the 

 latter that the spirit comes immediately from God. 



Now we come to a very important branch of the subject. 

 According to St. Paul, there are three sorts of men, crapKtKo^y 

 ■\jru')(^LKo^, TTvev/jLaroKo^, carnal, natural or psychic, and spiritual. 

 But there is a difference between the carnal man of Rom. viii 

 and that of 1 Cor. iii, 1-4, In the first instance the carnally- 

 minded man is dead, in the latter he is a babe in Christ. We 

 must remember that the converts at Corinth had been brought 

 out of an abyss of licentiousness. I might notice, by the way, 

 Kingsley's observation that the view of marriage exhibited by 

 St. Paul in writing to the Corinthians differs greatly from the 

 matchless ideal portrayed in the fifth chapter of the Epistle to 

 the Ephesians. 



As to the TTvev/jua, or spirit, it is evidently dormant, and nearly 

 dead in the unconverted. A passage in Jude xix should be care- 

 fully noticed. Those who walk after their owti ungodly lusts are 

 described as -^v-^ckoI, irvevfjua /jlt] exovre^. This is translated in 

 the Authorized Version as " sensual, not having the Spirit." It 

 might more correctly be rendered " psychic, having no spirit." 

 In the same way we speak of some people as heartless. 



Alford'sf note is very valuable here. " We have no EngUsh 

 word for yjrvxi^Ko^; ; and our Biblical psychology is, by this 

 defect, entirely at fault. The -^v^v is the centre of the personal 

 being, the I of each individual. It is in each man bound to the 

 spirit, man's higher part, and to the body, man's lower part ; 

 drawn upwards by the one, downwards by the other. He who 

 gives himself up to the lower appetites is aapKCKo<; : he who by 



* Heard's Tripartite Nature of Man, pp. 88, 89. 

 f Alford's Greek Testament, in loco. 



