THE SAMARITAN PENTATEUCH. 



203 



kinds of changes in words culled from this book will, however, serve 

 to show its startling and convincing character : transference of 

 a name — akrah, Hebrew for scorpion, has become in English cmh ; 

 transference of letters — nakhash, Hebrew for serpent, is in Latin 

 anguis, in English snake; metonymy — osen, Hebrew for ear, has 

 become the Swedish asna, the Latin asinus, and the English ass, all 

 names for the beast with the long ears. To this I may add a few 

 of my own observations (some of which possibly may be found in 

 Govett's work, though I do not remember them there) : — 



of retentions — the Hebrew hem (they, them) became the Anglo- 

 Saxon hem ; 



the Hebrew zeh (this, that) became the Anglo- 

 Saxon se and by inversion the Latin is, 

 while its plural elleh became the Latin illi, 

 of changes — attah or atta^ (thou) became the Latin tu, etc., 

 while the suffix k, ka and A;' (thy) became the Red Indian 

 kit ; the Hebrew arets (earth or land) became in English 

 earth, but was inverted in Latin to terra ; the Hebrew 

 shekhen, a dwelling, became the Greek skene, a tent, 

 doubtless because a tent was the first kind of dwelling 

 used by all Noah's descendants. 

 Chancellor LiAS writes : 



I was intending to come up in order to congratulate the author of 

 this most valuable paper on his work, but I did not feel quite equal 

 to the effort. One sees all too little of such work. So far as I know, 

 the Victoria Institute in England and the Bihliotheca Sacra in America 

 are the only outlets for the not only legitimate but necessary 

 " criticism of the critics " at the present moment. I wish that the 

 advocates of what Professor Robertson, of Glasgow, once called the 

 " saner criticism " would endeavour to call into existence in this 

 country a periodical for the defence of the authority and genuine- 

 ness of the Holy Scriptures. 



I have not made a special study of the Samaritan Pentateuch, nor 

 have I read the dissertation of Gesenius on the subject. But I have 

 long and closely studied German criticism of the Old Testament, and, 

 as Canon Garratt told the Institute in 1904, I have expressed my 

 opinion on the importance of the Samaritan Pentateuch in the 

 critical question, andthe obvious inadequacy of recent utterances of the 

 critics on this point. The present paper contains the only adequate 



