176 GENERAL SIR CHARLES WARREN, G.C.M.G., F.R.S., ON 



Egypt and Palestine. 



Amongst early Semitic people a wide distinction was drawn 

 between land irrigated by man and land watered from the sky 

 or by streams, the latter belonging to the gods. 



" For the land whither thon goest to possess it, is not like the 

 land of Egypt, whence ye came out, where thou sowedst thy seed, 

 and wateredst with thy foot, as a garden of herbs : 



" But the land whither ye are passing over to possess it, is 

 a land of hills and valleys, of the rain of heaven it drinketh 

 water ; a land which Jehovah thy God Himself looketh after ; 

 continually are the eyes of Jehovah thy God upon it, from the 

 beginning of the year even unto the end of the year." 



Food. 



I do not know what the present up-to-date view is as to the 

 differentiation of mankind, but I suppose that I may assume 

 that " before the close of the palaeolithic times all the primary 

 divisions of mankind were specialised in their several habitats 

 by the influence of their surroundings," and that these differences 

 are permanent so far as the short space occupied by history is 

 concerned. The principal influences are climate, food, soil, 

 natural boundaries, and the general aspect of nature. 



These influences, however, have had their say in past times, 

 and during the comparatively short space occupied by historical 

 times we cannot expect to find that they can have had any 

 appreciable effect upon Israel on moving from Egypt to the 

 wilderness, or again into the Land of Canaan, in affecting their 

 permanent characteristics. 



There are, however, other aspects of the subject connected with 

 food which we may consider. The manner of living in Egypt, 

 in the desert, and in Canaan, was profoundly different, giving 

 rise to different customs. Eor example, the treatment of the 

 stranger and the laws of hospitality are part of the life of all 

 primitive races, differentiated by the surroundings of nature. 



Without the general convention concerning the stranger and 

 hospitality, races could have had no communication with each 

 other except in a hostile manner ; without these common laws, 

 the various trade routes would not have been immune : without 

 them, Ulysses' voyages would have ended in disaster, and 

 Livingstone and Stanley could not have forgathered in Darkest 

 Africa. 



The code of Israel was enriched under the Law by many 



