372 



I met with this species commonly in Corea and Japan from the end of 

 June to the end of August, and captured examples of the four forms of the 

 female referred to above. 



Fixsen (Rom. sur Lep. iii.) devotes five pages in attempting to prove that 

 taxila, Bremer, is specifically diff'erent from fasciata, Janson ; it is, however, 

 not possible to follow his remarks without seeing the actual specimens he had 

 under observation at the time of writing. 



Graeser, who states that the larva of Z. taxila feeds on Alnus icana in 

 July, also records a gynandrous example of the imago from Amurland. In 

 this specimen the right side is like the male and the left side like the 

 female. 



Pryer states that the males are very pugnacious ; the alder is their favourite 

 tree, and they sit on its leaves waiting for any passing rival. 



Zephyrus smaragdina. 



Thecla smaragdina, Bremer, Lep. Ost-Sib. p. 25, pi. iii. fig. 5 (1864) ; Oberthiir, Etud. 



d'Eutom. V. p. 18 (1880); Pryer, Rliop. Nilion. p. 13, pi. iv. figs. Q a, Q b (188G), 

 Thecla diumantiaa, Oberthiir, Etud. d'Eutora. v. p. 18, pi. i. fig. 1 (1880). 



" Alae supra viridi-raicantes ciliis albis ; anticse margine po9teriore nigro ; postica; caudatae, late 

 nigro-fusco-marginata;. Alse subtus cana) striga discoidali abbreviata fusca albo-marginata, 

 etriga transversa alba, fusco-marginata fasciaque submarginali fusca. Alic poslica; striga 

 discoidali obsolete fusca albo-marginata, striga transversa alba antice fusco-marginata, apud 

 angulura aui liter;u W instar obtuse augulata ; lunulis marginalibus albis biseriatis ; macula 

 anguli ani fulva nigro-raarginata ocelloque fulvo nigro-pupillato. 85-37 m." {Bremer, 1. c.) 



Tlie special characters of Z. smaragdina appear to be the golden green 

 cohjur and broad black borders to all the wings in the male. The females 

 seem always to have fulvous spots beyond the cell of primaries, and, so far as 

 I am aware, are not dimorphic. On the under surface the discal markings 

 are always present, and in addition there is usually, but not always, a pale 

 dash outwardly bordered with darker below costa of secondaries towards the 

 base. 



I entirely agree; with Mr. Elwes (Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1881, p. 884) in 

 considering diamautina, Oberthiir, synonymous witli smaragdina. 



Dr. Staudingcr says that diamautina is not to be distinguished from 

 /. orlentalis, hul I cannot understand how he arrived at such a conclusion; 

 il li*' studied Oberthiir's description and examined the figure and then 

 detcrniiued diamanlina to be identical with orientalis he must have ignored 



