398 



LYC^NID,^. 



of specimens of ndihis, and also of dis2)m; with the object of fixing upon some constant 

 character by which they may be differentiated, and have never seen a specimen of rutilus 

 with the hind marginal band so broad and so well defined as it always appears in dispar." 

 {Lang, 1. c.) 



Yar. auratus, Leech. (Plate XXVIII. fig. 4 $ , 6 .) Male. Upper surface of 1 the wings 

 bright golden copper, with narrow black outer margins ; fringes black except on the inner 

 margin of secondaries ; six black spots on outer margin of secondaries, the two nearest the 

 anal angle being nearer together than the others. Female. Primaries golden copper, much 

 suffused with darker scales, margined broadly on the outer border with black ; two black 

 discoidal spots, followed by a band of broad black dashes extending across the wing; second- 

 aries sooty black, bordered by a broad golden-copper band notched at the edges. Under 

 surface of both sexes : primaries yellowish buff, bordered on the outer margin with dirty 

 grey, inside of which is a row of seven very distinct black spots ; on the disc is a second 

 irregular row of black spots ; there are three spots on the discoidal cell, the outer one of 

 which is the largest : secondaries greyish buff, outwardly margined by a broad orange band, 

 bordered on each side with a row of black dots ; an irregular arrangement of black spots, 

 margined with dirty white, is scattered over the remainder of the wing. 



Similar in markings to Chri/su^jJianus dispar. Haw., but its colour resembles that of C. ochinius, 

 H.-S. ; the fringes are blackish, the discal spots are absent on all the wings of the male, the 

 female has a row of dashes on the primaries instead of spots, and the disc of hind wings is 

 not suffused with copper ; the under surface of secondaries is browner, and the central series 

 of spots more evenly curved. 



I took this form, during heavy rain, at rest on stems of coarse grass in a 

 swampy gully near the monastery of Chang-do, ahout twenty-five miles south 

 of Gensan in the Corea. Alphcraky (Rom. sur Lep. v. p. 103) states that a 

 specimen of this variety was taken in June, 1886, by Potanine near He-Tchen, 

 in tlie Province of Kan-sou. He also remarks that the specimens of C. dispar 

 recorded by Fixsen from Corea as var. rutilus are really referable to var. auratus. 

 Staudinger (Rom. sur Lep. vi. p. 154) considers that var. dahurica, Graeser, is 

 identical with my var. auratus. It would appear, therefore, that C. dis})ar is 

 represented in Eastern Asia by the auratus form only, and I think that the 

 specimens recorded as P. hippothoe by Bremer * and Grey (Lep. Nord. China, 

 1>. 10) are probal)ly referable to this form of dispar. 



Dr. Jjang (/. c.) describes tlie larva of disjyar as green with a darker dorsal 

 8trij)o, and gives the great water-dock (Bumex hydrolapathum) as the food- 

 ])laiit. lit; jidds : " the eggs were laid in August, the larva hybernating and 



* According to Llwcs (P. Z. S. 18S1, p. 8S7), Bremer records Chryxophanus virgaurem from 

 Pckiii ; but I am unable to find the work in which this record is iniblishcd. 



