448 



PAPILIONID.E. 



Figures of the early stages and a full life-history of this species are given 

 in Buckler's ' Larvse of British Butterflies.' 



I have four examples (2 d and 2 $ ) of this species from Yesso. They 

 differ from the type on the upper surface in having only faint traces of black - 

 at apex of primaries ; the black spots are only shadowy in the female and 

 are entirely absent in the male, and the venation is well marked. On the 

 under surface all the specimens ai^e quite typical. 



I believe that P. napi does not occur in the Central or Southern Islands of 

 Japan, nor in the Corea or China, and that specimens recorded from these 

 countries as P. napi are referable to the spring form of P. melete. There 

 were no specimens of P. napi in Fryer's collection, and the examples figured 

 by him in his ' Rhopalocera Nihonica ' represent the seasonal forms of 

 P. melete. In Amurland there are two broods, but it is not common in any 

 part of that region. 



In Europe some examples of the second brood have the under surface of 

 secondaries paler and the veins are bordered with blackish only as far as the 

 discoidal cell (var. napceo', Esper). A yellowish-grey suffused form of the 

 female occurs in boreal and alpine regions, this is the var. hryoniue, Ochsen- 

 lieimer. In the Alai Mountains and other parts of Central Asia a small 

 darkly marked race (ochsenheimerl, Staudinger) occurs.- 



Distrihution. Europe, Northern, Eastern, and Central Asia. 



Pieris melete. (Flatc XLIII. figs. 3 c? , 4 $ var.) 



Pieris melete, Menctries^ Cat. Mus. Pctr. ii. p. 113, pi. x. figs. 1, 2 (1857). 



Pieris ufflaope, Motscliulsky, Etud. d'Eiitom. ix. p. 28 (18(50). 



Synchlo'd megamcra, Butler, Cist. Ent. i. p. 173 (1873). 



Pieris napi, var. orientis, Oberthiir, Etud. d'Eutom. v. p. 13 (1880). 



Ganoris dulcinea, Butler, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) ix. p. 18 (1882). 



Pieris napi, Prycr, llhop. Nilion. p. G, pi. iii. figs. S a, S b (188(;). 



Pieris melete, var. veris, Staudinger, Rom. snr Lop. iii. p. 12G, pi. xvi. figs. 1, 2 (1887). 

 Pieris erut<B, Boisd, MS., Poujade, Ann. Soc. Ent. Erancc, 1888, p. xix. 



" Male. Ailcs l)l;inch('s u sommct noinitro en dcssus, avcc une tacho grandc, a bords non arreU's, 



placec noil loin du bord extcriie dcs snpericurcs. 

 " Femelle. Ailes blanches, a reflets opaliiis, sommct ofc bord iiilornc dos suporicures largoment 



noir, aiiisi quo les qiuitre ncrvuros des ailes infciieurcs dopuis la eelliilo discoidale. 

 "Cello cspecc est h ])cn pres do la laillo of do la forme do la I', hrussicti- ; la femello est plus 



grandc que le nudf, au nioiiis clicz les cxcraplaires du Japon. 

 " Lc nude est en dossus blniu', avec la base des ailes suix'ricures ef lour bord antoriour saupoudres 



