PAPILIONID.E. 



Papilio memnon. 



Papilio memnon, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. 2, p, 747 (1767). 



Papilio agenor, Linnaeus, 1. c. ; Distant, Rhop. Malay, p. 339, pi. xxix. fig. 1, $ (1885). 

 Papilio memnon, Pryer, Rhop. Nihon. p. 4, pi. ii. fig. 1 (1886). 

 Papilio androgeos, Cramer, Pap. Esot. i. pi. xci. figs. A, B (1776). 

 Papilio thunbergii, Siebold, Hist. Nat. Jap. p. 16 (1824). 



Iliades memnon, Hiibner, Verz. bek. Sclimett. p. 88 (1816) j Moore, Lep. Ceyl. i. p. 147 

 (1881). 



" P. E. alis dentatis nigris ; omnibus basi subfcus rubro notatis. (J/ms. Lx^d. JJlr. 193.) 

 " Habitat in Cbina. 



" Alse primores subtus basi macula ovata, rubra ; posticae basi paribus 4, subrotundis, rubris, 

 confertis." (Linnceus, I. c.) 



Papilio agenor, Linnaeus. — " P. E. alis dentatis nigris basi sanguineis ; primoribus striatis ; posticis 



disco albo maculis nigris. (Mas. Lud. Ulr. 194; Glerclc, Ic. t. xv.) 

 " Habitat in China. 



" Alee primores concolores, albo late striatoe. Postica3 atra3 disco albo ; postice cinctse maculis 

 7 nigris, versus anum rubro insectis. Similis deipliobo." {^Linnceus, I. c.) 



Papilio thunbergii, Siebold. — " Alis fuscis anterioribus supra basi triangulo sanguineo, posteri- 

 oribus subdentatis, subtus basi maculis quatuor sanguineis (raro)." (Siebold, I. c.) 



Males of P. memnon, which are always more abundant than the females, 

 are far more constant in colour and markings. Usually they are without the 

 red basal patch on upper surface of primaries, but sometimes this is well 

 developed. 



In Japan the species seems to be confined to the southern island of 

 Kiushiu, where I met with it fairly plentifully both at Nagasaki and in the 

 province of Satsuma in the month of May. The males agree very well with 

 Distant's figure of the same sex of P. esperi, Butler (lihop. Malay, pi. xxviii. 

 fig. 1), but the reddish lunulcs on under surface of secondaries are not quite 

 so conspicuous, and are entirely absent in some specimens. They also agree 

 in some respects with P. cilix. Distant (/. c. pi. xxix. fig. 4). The females 

 have rather more wliite on the secondaries, and the red spots of under 

 surface are not so large as in the female of P. cilix. 



From Western China I have only one specimen, a female, which was 

 captured in Kwei-chow, It agrees very well with the same sex of P. agenor, 

 TiiuiKeus, as figured by Distant (/. c. pi. xxix. fig. 1). 



1 received male specimens of P. memnon from Chung-yang, Central China, 

 and captured others at Hong-Kong, Foochau, and Ningpo. 



