54G 



PAPILIONID.E. 



exhibit parallel variation to that observed in the same sex of P. deme- 

 trius. 



This is perhaps the commonest species oi Papilio inhabiting Central and 

 Western China ; it was found in numbers in all places visited by my col- 

 lectors. Mr. Elwes states that it occurs in Formosa and at Hong-Kong, and 

 adds that it has been recorded by Felder from Ningpo. I took specimens at 

 Foochau in April. Motschulsky erroneously enumerates It from Japan. 



In India P. protenor is found throughout the Himalayas, up to an 

 elevation of 6000 feet, from April to October. 



Papilio demetrius. 



Papilio demetrius, Cramer, Pap. Exot. iv. p. 196, pi. ccclxxxv. figs. E, F (1782) ; Pryer, 



Rhop. Nihou. p. 4, pi. iii. fig. 1 (1886). 

 PajjiUo carpenteri, Butler, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Ilist. (5] x. p. 318 (1882). 



" Ce Papillou rcssemblo au P. jyrotenor do la Chine, mais il cn varie par les queues en forme de 

 spafcules aux ailes interieures, par le defaut des poiutilIe!^ azurees ; comme aussi par le desscin 

 varie des taches rouges en forme de demi-lune sur ie dessous des ailes susmoutionneos. 

 Mr. M. Houttuin, a regu ce Papillon, avec plusieurs autres insectes, du Japon, 11 me I'a prete 

 pour le faire dcssiuer." (Cramer, I. c.) 



I'opilio carpenteri, Butler. — Male. " Primaries above blackisli grey, with borders, veins, and inter- 

 nervular streaks black : secondaries greenisli black ; a large jet-black spot at anal angle, 

 bordered above by au orango-red lunule enclosing a black dash, and sprinkled in front with a 

 few pearly-whitish scales, below by a triangular golden-orange spot: fringe white bet-ween 

 the veins; the usual sulphur-yellow costal streak; body black; abdomen greenish. Pri- 

 maries below ash-grey, the black streaks and veins narrower than above : secondaries greenish 

 black; a decreasing submarginal series of four orange lunules from apex to lower radial 

 interspace; a few scales in the second median interspace, a large crescent in the first median 

 intersi^ace, and a large irregular patch enclosing a black spot, sprinkled in front with white 

 scales, and bordered with white on the margin at anal angle : body below black. Expanse of 

 wings 118 millim. 



" c?. Tateyama Bay, entrance to Gulf of Yedo." {Bailer, I. c.) 



The /ema/e is usually larger than the male, and is rather broader in the wing ; the primaries are 

 paler, and tlie disc of secondaries is usually suiTused with bluisli scales ; the red patch at anal 

 angle is well defined, as also arc the red submarginal lunules. 



This species is very common in tlie neighbourhood of Nagasaki and 

 throiigliout the Island of Kiusliiu during the spring, but the specimens are 

 smull(!r in size; than those \\lii(:h appear later in the yciU'. The females, 

 wliicli arc very nincli scarcer than the males, exhibit considerable variation in 

 the red submarginal markings of secondaries. 



I'rycr (/. c.) states that in .lajjan the imago is common from A])i-il to the 



