Cai'rier o/* Trypanosoma in Uganda. 



63 



of life of the fly, and a local reservoir; The former cannot at present be 

 answered, and there is no experimental proof of the latter, since the injection 

 of the blood of the Lake-shore birds and mammals into susceptible animals 

 has always, up to the present, given negative results. 



Glossina palpalis as a Carrier of Trypanosoma vivax in Uganda. 



By Colonel Sir David Bruce, C.B., F.R.S., Army Medical Service; 

 Captains A. E. Hamerton, D.S.O., and H. R. Bateman, Royal Army 

 Medical Corps ; and Captain F. P. Mackie, Indian Medical Service. 

 (Sleeping Sickness Commission of the Royal Society, 1908-09.) 



(Received November 27, — Read December 9, 1909.) 



One of the important trypanosome diseases of cattle in Uganda is that 

 caused by Tri/panosoma vivcu: (Ziemann). This species of trypanosome 

 appears to be widely distributed in Central Africa. It has been reported 

 from Senegal, the Sudan and Erythrea in the Xorth, to Rhodesia in the 

 South. It is fairly easily recognised o:i account of its extreme activity 

 during lite, its characteristic shape in stained specimens, and the fact that 

 it only affects cattle, goats, and sheep ; while monkeys, dogs, rabbits, 

 guinea-pigs, rats, and mice are refractory. Its carriers have usually been 

 reported as tabanus and stomoxys. 



This short note is written to place on record that fact, that in Uganda 

 the tsetse flies, Glossina palpalis, which are found in large numbers on the 

 Lake-shore, are infected, not only by Trypanosoma gambiense, the cause of 

 sleeping sickness, but also by Trypanosoma vivax. The first experiment 

 which showed that these tsetse flies are infected with the latter trypanosome 

 was the following : — 



Experiment 1318. — Calf. 



To ascertain if oxen will become infected by trypanosomes if allowed to feed 



in the " fly area." 



July 12, 1909. A healthy calf was taken down to the Lake-shore at 

 Kibanga and ferried across the bay to Nsonga, where tsetse flies are 

 numerous. The flies were observed to feed on it in numbers. It was then 

 brought back to Kibanga. In future this calf will be taken out every day 

 by the fly-boys to different parts of the Lake-shore, where it will graze while 

 the boys are catching tsetse flies. 



