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the advantages of reading a paper before an audience in whom unity in 

 variety exists, that the arguments may be criticised with any amount of 

 keenness, provided the criticism be based on sufficient data. (Hear, hear.) 

 I have also noticed from time to time, that in papers read to mixed audiences, 

 as critic after critic rises up, the authors of the papers have very little to 

 reply to, because the several critics answer each other as the discussion 

 goes on. In the present instance I am much obliged to Mr. Howard 

 and Mr. Harrison, who have already anticipated my remarks in reply 

 to Dr. Currey, who spoke first of all with regard to species. Perhaps 

 I may be allowed to say here, with regard to the paper before me, 

 that I mention in the prefatory portion of it that I was dealing with 

 the subject only in an elementary and suggestive manner ; and I am 

 glad to find that, to some extent, my suggestions have been taken up. I also 

 feel that if I had written a much longer paper, it would not be so satis- 

 factory as it now is to go away with the knowledge that I have been criticised 

 for not being long enough, inasmuch as this is a fault which, generally 

 speaking, we clergy are not often found guilty of. With regard to the 

 allusion which has been made to dibtinct varieties, which have been clearly 

 marked, and preserved through successive generations, we must remember 

 that in past times the means of locomotion were very little known, and that 

 those who happened to find themselves on islands, or in situations where they 

 were separated by great convulsions of nature from the rest of the world, 

 could hardly be expected to undergo any change of type. People so circum- 

 stanced must for ever preserve the same types which were originally found to 

 prevail in the diff'erent islands and continents upon which they have lived, 

 separated from other tribes by the impassable obstacle of the ocean. The 

 question has been asked to-night, "How is it that these difi'erent types 

 remain so constant, and so uniformly maintain the same characteristics ? " 

 My reply is that they continue constant because they have nothing to 

 interfere with their remaining so ; but the moment you introduce other races, 

 as has been observed by one gentleman who has addressed us, you find from 

 that period an alteration of the type — a change in the external form of skull takes 

 place at once. (Hear, hear.) While travelling through the forests in the interior 

 of the Sierra Nevada I came across two Englishmen, who, seemg me wandering 

 through that unfrequented part of the world, almost took me for an improved 

 order of gorilla. They asked me to their huts, and introduced me to their 

 wives, and in both cases the wives or squaws were original, thoroughbred, out- 

 and-out specimens of the Indian Digger race. It was a treat to witness the 

 pride of those two men as they showed their little children. One of them had 

 two children, five and seven years of age respectively, both of whom he brought 

 forward, and he would not allow me to leave the hut till he had shown all 

 their points. He said, " I intend bringing these two little boys to London 

 to show what an improvement may be made in the race." And certainly, 

 when I compared the type of the humble and modest sc[u.nw, who seemed 

 to have anticipated tlie use of veils, with the beautiful children of whom sho 



