Farming of Derhysliire. 



45 











£. 



s. 



d. 



The first sale took 



place 



in 1839, and produced . 



806 



9 



0 



J? 





1840 





1525 



10 



6 



jj 



?> 



1841 





1834 



1 



0 



11 



?? 



1842 



j> 



1613 



14 



6 





7) 



1843 



?? 



1761 



19 



0 





?? 



1844 



5J 



1580 



2 



0 







1845 



J> * 



1902 



18 



0 







1846 



5) 



2507 



3 



6 



7 > 



5' 



1847 



J> 



2287 



8 



0 



J' 



7' 



1848 



55 



. 2121 



12 



0 



5> 



?» 



1849 



JJ 



1882 



4 



(\ 

 \j 



JJ 



)> 



1850 



J5 



. 2075 



4 



0 



?? 



5> 



1851 





. 2080 



12 



6 



J> 



J? 



1852 





. 2251 



6 



6 







Total 





, 26,230 



4 



6 



Giving a general average per year of 1873/. 11^. ^d. Besides the 

 select animals sold as in-calf heifers, many first-class bulls and 

 bull-calves were offered to public competition. One bull-calf 

 realised 130/. ; and the highest price made for a fat Lincoln ox 

 was 70/. To obtain this high blood and pedigree, high prices 

 had to be given ; and purchases were made from the herds at 

 Castle Howard, and Wiseton, and from the Messrs. Parkinson, 

 Booth, Bates, Watson, and Whitaker. The cow, Myrtle, cost 150 

 guineas ; and two cows, one bull, and one yearling heifer, cost 

 312/. at the Earl of Carlisle's sale. One of these cows cost 

 87/., and had three calves afterwards. Connected with this cow, 

 it is a remarkable fact that nature made no provision for the 

 calf, and after calving the cow never gave any milk. It is the 

 opinion of Mr. Swaffield — and this opinion is confirmed by Mr. 

 Gregory of Meadow-place, Mr. Greaves of Bakewell, and other 

 farmers and breeders, in the course of these inquiries — " that to 

 pamper and force a young animal, either male or female, is to 

 destroy its usefulness. The former loses its power of pro- 

 creation ; while the latter will not give sufficient milk for the 

 maintenance of its calf The same animal, if lieft in a state 

 of nature, would better ansiver the purposes intended by nature, and 

 he more useful to man'.'' It may be for these reasons the 

 dairyman on the upland farms is slow to use the Durham blood, 

 from a belief they are less hardy and less useful. One farmer, 

 at once respectable and intelligent, Mr. Greaves of Bakewell, 

 stated " he would challenge the old-fashioned long-horned breed 

 of the county against all the new blood that had ever been intro- 

 duced." But this was for dairy purposes : he did not contend 

 that early maturity was so soon attained by the long-horns, but 

 admitted that for the shambles no breed made so much beef in 

 so little time as the short-horns. These are truisms and 

 established facts ; and it is no less true that the pampered short- 



