52 Farming of Derhy shire. 



from a field at Asbford, near Bakewell, in the occupation of Mr^ 

 Green, and is as follows. 



Mechanical analysis : 100 parts contain — 



Pebbles of chert 3-617 



Coarse and fine sand 15- 400 



Fine soil , .* 57*500 



Impalpable clay 12-125 



Roots and fibres in a state of decay . . . . -158 



Organic matter, principally humus .... 11*200 



. . 100-000 

 Chemical analysis : — 



Organic matter, with roots and fibres named above . 11-358 



Water 7 * 200 



Stones not analysed 3*617 



Silicates, containing- -480 of potash and -220 of soda . 68*800 



Alumina — Oxide of iron and manganese . . . '341 



Phosphoric acid (combined with lime) . . . -008 



Sulphuric acid (do.) .002 



Chlorine . . .* '001 



Soluble potash and soda ...... *00S 



Soluble silica •002 



Loss ..... '248 



100-000 



Analysis of mountain limestone below the soil : 100 parts 

 contain — 



Pure carbonate of lime 98-60 



Carbonate of magnesia ...... a trace. 



Silicates, containing potash '20 



Alumina — Oxide of iron and manganese ... '14 



Phosphate of lime •46 



Bituminous matter . '21 



'■^ Loss "39 



100*00 



Note hy Mr. Haywood.— It will be seen the soil itself contains only a 

 small amount of carbonate of lime, the whole having- been removed by car- 

 bonic acid and water. Phosphates are also deficient, having been appro- 

 priated by the animals in the formation of bone. I can, therefore, understand 

 why the addition of lime (which contains both these ingredients) to these soils 

 should always be attended with good results." 



Mr. Haywood might have added that "Bones applied would be 

 equally good or better;" for it appears from all the collected 

 evidence on this matter that bones on these soils are superseding 

 the use of lime. 



The analysis of the soils will, in some degree, describe their 

 character : they are chiefly a brown-hazel mould resting upon the 

 rock, and the variation in the depth determines the richness of 

 the land. The higher and poorer parts are a blackish-looking 

 soil, inclining to peat, upon a red loam, intermixed with a coarse 



