6 



Relations of Geology to Agriculture 



'lllli. 



already^spoken, as giving the general character to the agricultural 

 capabilities of the central part of the pro- 

 vince of New Brunswick. And with these 

 rocks, as is shown in the section, the com- 

 paratively-poor soils to which they give 

 rise succeed to the rich and productive 

 soils of the red marls which lie below 

 them. 



It does not always happen that the whole 

 series of the rocks above described (1, 2, 3) 

 is seen together in the same locality. While 

 passing over the poor soils of the upper 

 coal measures (7), the traveller may all at 

 once be arrested by the blue limestone (2), 

 and beyond it may come upon the beautiful 

 rich soils of the red marls and gypsum, 

 and after crossing these may find himself 

 again among the flats and pine forests of 

 the coal measures (4, 5, &c.). This is 

 shown in the section No. II., in which 

 the several rocks are numbered as before. 



This section represents the blue lime- 

 stone (2) as rising up and abutting against 

 the upper coal measures (7) ; an effect 

 produced by one of those disturbances 

 from beneath, to which, as I have said, 

 the edges of the coal-field have in many 

 places been subjected. To this limestone 

 succeed, towards the i 

 vious section, the red 

 »'ocks, with the good soils they invariably 

 produce, and beyond these come on again 

 the indifferent soils of the lower coal mea- 

 sures. Further to the right again I have 

 represented the red sandstone conglome- 

 rate (1) as reappearing in immediate 

 contact with the lower coal measures (5), 

 and producing consequently another sudden 

 transition from an inferior to a superior 

 quality of soil. Such transitions frequently 

 recur along the southern and eastern skirts 

 of the coal-field, and they are almost in- 

 variably to be connected with the direct 

 and visible presence of these red and limestone rocks. Although, 

 therefore, the presence of each of the red rocks and of the lime- 

 stone is not always to be inferred from the discovery of any one 



ght, as in the pre- 

 marl and gypsum 



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