HKINDEKH (lUA/lXG 1 N Vl'-S'llCATIONS IN ALASKA 



25 



vidual <i:i()U{).s or patclu's of one or two species ([)1. V.\, ti<x. 1). Fre- 

 (luently some one or two species j)iv(loniiniites and nuinei'oiis other 

 species of vaiMous kinds ai'e scatterinj^ly intermixed with tlie base 

 phmt. Ordinarily, a handful of lichens picked up off the ranjze 

 will be. found upon analysis to contain six or seven or more dif- 

 ferent species closely intermixed. Chidonia is the most abundant 

 of the lichens in Alaska, both in number of species and in (juantity; 

 Cetrarin is second in importance, but of scatterin<>' occui'i'ence. 



The ])redominat in<:- species on tundra and lower foothills sites are 

 Cladonid .si/lraf/ca sijl vestr'is^ (\ 7'aii(jifer'nu(, and ('. tn/lcdtica^ or a 

 combination of these. On a rocky subali)ine site of favorable ex- 

 posure, the pi'edominant plant may often be C. alpei'ttris. On hifjher 

 ranfxe, the main plants are often species of C . amaurocraea and C . 

 unciatis, and sometimes abundantly mixed with them C. si/Ji'(itica 

 sj/Iresf/'/K. On rocky upi)er sloi)es and to])s of rid<res of infei'ior 

 cover, the (U'trarla species often predominate. Some species are cos- 

 mopolitan in distribution, occurrin<:- scatteriu<>ly tliroujrhout all 

 types, as Cetrana cucuUuta^ C. islandica^ and Cladoiiln (jrocilh eloii- 

 (jdta. On rocky upper areas Cetrnrin nloalis^ ('. islandiea o'ispa, 

 Cladonia gmciViS dilatata^ and Alectoria nigncans are commonly 

 found. Chfdonia si/lvotica si/7restrh stands out <renerally as the most 

 abundant and widespread and therefore most important winter for- 

 age ])lant on the coast range. 



The moi-e important species of lichens occurring on the coast 

 ranges may be grouped as follows : 



(1) :\rost abundant : 



Cladonia sylratica siilve-'^tris. 



Clad (HI id rail </ i ferina. 



Cladonia xi/lratica. 



Cladmiia gracilis eloiifjata. 



Cladonia amaurocraea. 



Cladonia amaurocraea oxj/ccras. 



(2) Fairly abundant in places: 



Cladonia uncialis obtusata. 

 Cladonia alijcstris. 

 Cladonia (/raciUs ccmocijmn. 

 Cladonia amaurocraea celotca. 

 Stereociiuhin aljiinum. 

 Stereocaulon coralloides. 



(3) Scattering but frecpient : 



Cladonia (c\\\^ cladonias) . 

 Ochrolechia sp. 

 Parmelia sp. 

 Cladonia f urea fa. 

 Cladonia dehx.sertii. 

 Cladonia erispata. 

 Cladonia degcnerans. 



(4) Infrequent : 



Cladonia hotrijtis. 

 Cladonia .'<ubsquatnosa. 

 Cladonia ccnotea. 

 Cladonia cijaniiie -. 

 Dacti/lina arctica. 

 Duforea ramulosa. 



Cctraria cucullafa. 

 Cetraria ixhindiea. 

 .1 lectoria nigricans. 

 Alectoria oehroleiica. 

 Cladonia uneiali.'<. 

 Cladonia uncia1i.'< turgescens. 



Stereocaulon tomentoxum. 

 Cetraria eh rg.sa ntha. 

 Cetraria nirali.<<. 

 Cctraria islandica cri.'ipa. 

 Cctraria islandicn iilatyna. 

 Si)haerophoru.s coralloides. 



Thamnolia vermieularis. 

 Xcphroma arctieum. 

 Lobaria Unit a. 

 Cladonia gracilis dilatata. 

 Cladonia dccorticata. 

 Cladonia squamosa niuricella. 



lemadolph ila ericctorum. 

 Pcrtusaria hrijon tli a. 

 Pilophorus ccrcolus rohiisfus. 

 Philopliorus ecrcolus ucicularis. 

 Cetraria junipcrina. 

 Cetraria hiascens. 



