REINDEER GRAZING INVESTIGATIONS IN ALASKA 



21 



The most important plants may he grouped, according to ahiin- 

 dance, as follows : 



Most Aiir.XDANT 



Erioplioniiii callitri.r (cotton sedge). 

 Eri<)i>hriii(iii aiif/iixtif (ilium (cotton 



scdjrc I . 

 Sali.r spp. ( willow ) . 

 lirtttUi rotinidifolid (firouud Itircli). 

 Ledum siip. (Labriidor tea). 



Emixintm nifinnti (crowhorry). 

 Varcinium ulKjinosum ( l)lu('l)crry ) . 

 Vacrhiium ril ix-idaca (mountain cran- 

 berry ) . 



li'iihiis (iui iiiuciitorus (cloudberry). 

 ArclouH alpiiia (Alpine bearberryj. 



Faiiu.v Aitr.\»ANT IN Placks 



Arctaprostis laiifoliu (Alaska bunch 

 ijrass ) . 



CnlaiiKKjrostis scabra (coast blue- 

 joint). 



Eli/mii-s iHollix (dunegrass). 

 Fcs-tucu rubra (fescue). 

 J'oa (bluegrass). 

 Carer (sedge). 

 Kquixvtum ( horsetail) . 

 Bcfida kvnaica (birch)- 

 Ahuix ainobctula (alder). 

 Uryaa uctopctala (dryad). 



Artemisia arctiea (wormwood). 

 Artemisia tilesii (wormwood). 

 Aeoiiitum delpliiiiifolium (monks- 

 hood ) . 



Coelopleurum ymclini (sea-parsnip). 

 Lui)iiiiis arcticus (lupine*. 

 Latln/rus marit im us (beach pea). 

 Mertensia paiiieulata (bluebellsj. 

 (till iu HI borealc (bedstraw). 

 I'ed ieiilaris ( fern weed ) . 

 Epilobium angustifolium (fireweed). 



Very Scattering but Frequent 



Spiraea steveni (spirea). 



L'ohus arcticus (ra.spberry). 



Cornus suecica (bunchberry). 



Androiiieila jiolifolia (bog rosemary). 



I'll leu m alpiiniiii (wild timothy). 



A(/r(>stis (redtup). 



Aslraf/alus (milk vetch). 



Oxytropis ( oxytrope ) . 



J'ctasites friijidu (butterbur). 



Beiteeio ( gn mndsel ) . 



^axifra(/a { saxifrage ) . 



Iris setosa (arctic iris). 



Polemon i u m acut i forum. 



Capnoides pauciforum. 



Vdleriaiia eapituta (valerian). 



Cmn pa II ula ( belltlower ) . 



ii(/ii isorlia sitelieusis (burnet). 

 Arena ria (sandwort). 

 Arnica (arnica). 



Genfiana (gentian). 

 Pedicularis ( fernweed) . 

 Pohjijon um ( smartweed) . 

 Primula (primrose). 

 Ueterotrieh um (wool aster). 

 Chrysanthemum (daisy ) . 

 Huplcurum amcrieanum (bare's-ear). 

 .1 nemone. 



Ranunculus (buttercup). 



Eritrirh um aretiuidcs (forget-me-not). 



Sileiic acaulis (moss campion). 



Viola (violet). 



Ceras t i u m ( chick weed ) . 



Cardamine (bitter cress). 



Ligust icum scotieum ( Scotch lovage) . 



Potent ilia ( tive tinger). 



Stella ria ( starwort > . 



Rumex arctosa (sorrel). 



Rumex occidentaUs (dock). 



FORAGE PLANTS GRAZED BY REINDEER 



SPRING FORAGE 



The first fresh growth in spring usually consists of young shoots 

 or flowering stalks of the cotton sedges and of grasses and weeds. 

 The reindeer are very fond of fresh green growth and in grazing 

 on the hummocks miss very few of the new shoots. They feed also 

 in spring to a small extent upon willow buds, reindeer lichens, and 

 Labrador tea. 



SUMMER FORAGE 



During the summer the reindeer enjoy a great variety of range 

 plants, but chiefly sedge and browse species. At the beginning of 

 the season, in addition to their main food of sedges and willow 



