xxxiv 
INTRODUCTION. 
now. The frank welcome, not altogether unmixed Avith curiosity, was 
missing, and the proprietors of tea-houses were rapidly acquiring the ways of 
their Swiss brethren. The results of this last trip were naturally not of much 
importance, the season being so far advanced. During the entire summer I 
had succeeded in taking all the butterflies known to occur in J apan, with the 
exception of about six species, one new to science and several not previously 
known from that country, besides an enormous number of Heterocera and 
Coleoptera. I left the country in November, and thus ended my journey, 
taking with me many enjoyable reminiscences of a pleasant country and its 
bright and kindly inhabitants. I have to thank many Europeans I met in 
Japan for their great kindness and hospitality, especially the late Henry 
Pryer, Avhose untimely death deprived Japan of her foremost entomologist, 
and science of an indefatigable and careful field-naturalist. 
Since my visit to Japan in 188G, the railway-system, which was then only 
in its infancy, has spread in every direction, as can be seen by the map 
accompanying this work, and travelling in that country will, in a few years, 
be as easy as it is in England. Many parts of Japan have never been entomo- 
logically worked, as, for instance, Central Kiushiu, Central and Northern 
Yesso. The whole of the northern portion of the main island, aud also tlie 
Island of Shikoku, are practically unknown to entomologists, but will 
doubtless yield rich harvests in the near future. 
The area dealt with in the present work includes the whole of that section 
of the Paloearctic Region which Wallace has designated the Manchurian sub- 
region, with the exception of the Amurland district (which has been dealt 
witli by Dr. Staudinger, Horn, sur Lcp. v.), and excluding the western portion 
beyond the one hundred and first degree. Of the entomological fauna 
of tlie southern portion of this subregion absolutely nothing is known. 
Wallace describes tlie Manchurian subregion as follows : — 
"This is an interesting and very productive district, corresponding in the 
east to the Mediterranean subregion in the west, or rather perhaps to all 
western temperate Europe. Its limits are not very well-defined, but it 
])robably includes all Japan ; the Corea and Manchuria to the Amour river 
