78 
NYMPHALID^. 
\_Satyi'us\ and is about equally represented here The genus com- 
prises two well-marked groups, first those in which the males have a conspi- 
cuous brand on the fore "vving, composed of silky densely packed scales, and 
extending along the median nervure below the cell, as in many species of true 
Hipparcliia \_8atyrus\ ; and second, those in which the males have no trace of 
a brand on the fore wing ; this latter group contains the smallest species of 
the genus. In the first group the shape of the anal angle of the hind wing, 
and in the second group the absence of the sexual braud in the male distin- 
guish them from Hipparchia, but the two genera are closely allied. The 
antennae in all the Indian species of Epinephele have a gradually-formed club, 
as also have some Hipparchia. None of the species of Epinephele have a 
complete series of ocelli on the underside of the hind wing, and in many of 
them that wing is altogether devoid of ocelli on both sides." {Marshall & 
de Niceville, I. c.) 
Epinephele maculosa. (Plate XII. fig. 3, 6 .) 
Satyrus maculosa, Leech, Eutomologist, xxiii. p. 30 (1890). 
Male. Dark greyish brown. Primaries with three large black yellowish-ringed spots towards outer 
margin ; the two lower ones are contiguous. Secondaries have two similar snots above anal 
angle ; fringes pale grey, tipped wdth darker. Under surface pale grey ; basal two thirds aud 
outer margin of immaries thickly sprinkled with brownish ; a dark brown line traverses the 
wiug before the three large ocelli ; three narrow black lines on outer margin enclose two 
whitish ones. Secondaries reticulated with brownish on basal two thirds ; ocelli five in 
number, the two nearest the costa contiguous, the other three lie towards anal angle, the fifth 
least in size ; a dark wavy submarginal hno and two parallel with outer margin enclosing a 
whitish one ; fringes pale grey. Expanse 36 millim. 
Female. Rather darker, the black spots are larger and the yellow rings broader and clearer. 
Allied to Satyrus arvensis, Oberth., but differs from that species in having 
five ocelli of equal size, and further in the absence of white pupils. 
This appears to be a local and probably rare species, as I have received but 
very few specimens, and these only from Chang-yang, Avhere they were taken 
in July. 
Epinephele arvensis. (Plate XII. fig. 4, ? .) 
Satyrm urveiiNis, Oljorthiir, J'^tud. d'Entom. ii. p. 30, pi. iv. fig. 2 (187(1). 
Epinephele arvemin, Alplich-aky, Rom. sur Lcp. v. p. IIG (1889). 
Male. Ilathor shining gniyisli lirowii, tlic ))as;il half of all the wings darker ; tlie male brand on 
j)rim:iricH is in tlio sliiipc of a l)ro;u], sliglilly ol)li(iu(! fascia, extending from tlie middle of 
