TPTHIMA. 
91 
a specimen from Hakodate to five in a specimen from Chang-yang. It has 
a very wide geographical range, extending throughout the Indian Region, 
China, and Japan, and is also found in the Corea and Amurland. 
Ypthima zodia. (Plate X. fig. 10, ^ .) 
Yphthima zodia, Butler, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1871, p. 402. 
Ypthima albescens, Poujade, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, p. xli. 
" Ala; supra fiiscEe, antics ocello mediocri nigro bipupillato, flavo-cincto : posticte occllis tribus 
subaiialibus, tcrtio ad anguliim aui miiiimo, nigris albo-pupillatis, flavo-cinctis ; a];c subtus 
cinereo-albida;, fusco-reticulata) ; antica; striis duabus mcdiis male conspiciiis, externa cum 
stria submarginali simili continua, fuscis ; ocello superno mnjori ; posticae fascia lata olivacea, 
undulata; ocellis sex minutis, duobus subapicalibus, duobus discali-analibus, duobus analibus 
contiguis, nigris, albo-pupillatis, flavo-cinctis. Exp. alar. unc. 1, lin. 7. 
" Allied to Y. Usandra and Y. argus, but differing from all the known species in the broad central 
fuscous band on the \;nder surface of the hind wings." {Butler, 1. c.) 
Yar. albescens. " Envergure : 44 millim. Dessus d'un brun terreux ; ailes superieures ayant 
une grosse tache a peu pres ronde, d'un noir bleuatre, finement cercles do jaune clair et tra- 
versee par deux points gris perle briDants ; elle est situee vers I'apex a partir da dernier 
tiers de I'aile. Infcrieures avec un ou deux gros yeux noir bleuatre, pupilles de gris perle, 
et cercles de jaune clair, suivis d'lm autre scmblable, mais tres petit, situes vers Tangle 
interne. Le bord interne avoisinant cet angle est blanchatre, finement marbre de brun. 
" Dessous des quatre ailes traverse en largeur par de fines marbrures brunes ; le fond des ailes 
superieures est d'un blanc jaunatre, Toeil de I'apex est pareil a celui du dessus, mais plus large- 
ment cercle de jaune. Ailes inferieures a fond blanc, traversees en largeur, a peu pres au 
milieu, par une large bande anguleuse jaune olivatre, et ornees de cinq yeux noirs, pupilles de 
gris perle brillant, a iris jaune cercle d'une ombre brune : deux sent situes vers Tangle 
externe, plus en arriere que les trois autres de Tangle interne correspondaut a ceux du dessus, 
le dernier est souvent double. 
" Cinq c? de Mou-Pin : coll. du Museum." {Poujade, I. c.) 
Y. zodia occui's throughout China during the spring months. There is 
considerable variation in the number and size of ocelli on under surface of 
secondaries ; in some specimens they appear to be as well defined as in typical 
Y. jphilomela, whilst in others they are reduced to mere specks. As far as I 
am aware, Y. zodia only occurs during the spring months ; it is quite possible 
that it is the vernal form of Y. philomela, as represented in China, but it can 
always be distinguished by the transverse band-like markings on the central 
area of the under surface of all the Avings. Until the test of breeding has 
been applied, I think it safer to retain Y. zodia as a species. 
