MELANITIS. 
107 
upper one the largest, the remainder graduall}' increasing to the fiftli, which is nearly as large 
as the first ; the sixth at the anal angle smaller, often bipupillated, sometimes geminate ; all 
the ocelli on both wings black with white (sometimes irrorated with blue) pupils, yellow 
irides, and dark brown outer ring. 
" Typically there are no fascite ou the underside, but in some cases the stripe coalesce into dark 
bands from the costaof the fore wing, the first reaching the outer angle, the second continued 
as a discal band across both wings, and with other abbreviated and less distinct bands between." 
{Marshall 4- de Slctville, op. cii. p. 252.) 
I have specimens of the type form from Omei-shan, Kwei-chow, Chia-tiug-fu, 
Wa-shan, and Chia-kou-ho, in Western China ; fi-om Ichang in Central China ; 
and from Gensau, Corea. 
Except that the ocelli on upper surface are not always coincident with 
those of under surface, they agree exactly with the description of 31. leda 
quoted above. 
One small example from the Isle of Kiushiu is of the type form below ; 
but the primaries are not in the least falcate, and the angulation of the 
secondaries is not produced. On the upper surface the ocelli are obsolete on 
secondaries, and the lower one only remains on the primaries ; but there is 
no trace of ferruginous marking. 
Yar. ismene, Cramer. "il/rt?e and female. Upperside uniform rather dark brown. Fore wing 
with a large black spot, pupilled with white, placed between the second and third median 
uer\Tiles, with another somewhat elongated black spot in the interspace above it, also with a 
white spot, but placed upon or near to its exterior margin ; sometimes with a third indistinct 
suffused spot below the second median nervule. These spots are inwardl)' and beneath, below 
the second median nervule, bordered with bright ferruginous ; there is also a somewhat square 
patch of this colour above the uppermost black spot. In some specimens there is a suffused 
black patch merging into the dark ground-colour on either side of the subapical squarish 
ferruginous patch. Hind wing usually with one or two submarginal black spots with white 
centres near the anal angle; these vary much iu size, as also in number, and in some speci- 
mens are entirely wanting. The costa near the apex of the fore wing and the outer margin 
of both wings is in some specimens paler, thickly sprinkled with darker atoms, showing in 
this respect an approach to J/, dunjodana [Feld. Reise Xov., Lep. iii. p. 4G4]. Underside 
extremely variable. The ground-colour in some specimens is very pale buif-brown, in others 
ferruginous, in some grey, and again in others almost black, with innumerable shades between 
all these colours. In most specimens there is a dark discal band common to both wings, with 
another similar band, but straighter, across the fore wing about midway between the fii'st 
band and the apex. Many specimens are covered with irregular black or dark brown spots 
and blotches resembling fungi on dead leaves ; some specimens have one or two white spots 
on the fore wing, and a submarginal series of six more or less perfect ocelli ou the hind wing, 
these latter being more usually represented merely by whitish spots, and are always more or less 
blurred. In all the specimens we have seen, the fore wing is more or less falcate (sometimes 
p2 
