124 
NYMPHALID^. 
entire, three fourths of the length of the costa ; inner margin straight, about equal in 
length to the outer margin. Veins very strong ; costal uervure not extending to the 
middle of the costa ; suhcostal uervure with the first and second branches arising before 
the anterior extremity of the discoidal cell, third branch arising at a very little distance 
beyond the cell, fourth branch arising also at a small distance beyond the third, at rather 
more than the length of two fifths of the wing from the base ; elbowed downwards towards 
the tip of the wing ; upper discocellular nervule arising at about the length of one third of 
the wing from the base, very short, transverse, as is also the rather longer middle disco- 
cellular ; the lower discocellular still longer, straight, transverse, very slender and uniting 
with the third median nervule at some distance from its origin, closing the discoidal cell 
transversely ; third median nervule gradually arched. 
Hind wing large, somewhat ovate, not ocellated beneath ; costal margin arched ; outer margin 
more or less dentate and tailed, the tails being produced at the extremity of the first and 
third median nervules. Precostal nervure obliijue, the tip rather suddenly bent outwards ; 
discoidal cell small and narrow, closed imperfectly by a very fine discocellular nervule, 
which unites the discoidal nervule with the median nervure just before its third branch is 
thrown off. 
"Fore legs of the male very minute, seal}', and clothed with fine, silky, rather short, black 
hairs above and white ones below ; the tibia and tarsus being together not, or but little, 
longer than the femur ; the tibia twice the length of the tarsus, which is indistinctly 
articulated beyond the middle and towards the tip when denuded of scales. Of the female 
half as long again as those of the male, scaly ; the femur with a slight row of fine hairs on 
the inside ; tibia two thirds of the length of the femur ; tarsus about as long as the tibia, 
compressed, dilated at the tip, which is obliquely rounded off, with several pairs of spines 
towards the tip on Ihe underside, indicating the articulations ; the basal joint being scarcely 
more than half of the length of the tarsus. 
" Middle and hind legs rather short, very robust-, finely scaly ; tibia shorter than the femur : 
flat beneath ; intermediate tibia with an oblong jjatch of delicate plush at the base ; each 
side with a row of fine short spines ; tibial spurs short ; tarsi robust, scaly, with four rows 
of short spines beneath ; claws moderate ; paronychia very small ; the inner lobe very 
short, outer lobe acute, curved. 
"Abdomen rather short, nearly ovate in the female. 
" Larva without any spines on the body, which is gradually attenuated behind ; terminated by a 
depressed bicuspidated tail ; the head armed with four obtuse horns. Pupa abbreviated, 
rounded, subconical, scarcely carinated down the back." {Westivood, I. c.) 
The genus Charaxes lias a wide area of distribution ; one species, C. jasius, 
is found on the European shores of the Mediterranean and a close ally in 
Abyssiiua. " Tlie genus also inhabits Eastern, Western, and the warmer 
portions of Soutliern Africa. It is apparently in Western Tropical Africa 
tliat Charaxes is found in its maximum of size, beauty, and abundance of 
species, thougli llic neighbourhood of Delagoa was recently pronounced by 
Mr. Hewitsoii ft) be the ' head (juarters ' of the genus. Madagascar possesses 
