ATHTMA. 
171 
and separated by the submedian nervure only. Two submarginal waved pale lines, the inner 
one more distinct, especially towards the apex and inner angle. Hind wing- with a straight 
discal band, from the costal to the submedian nervure, divided only by the veins, a sub- 
marginal series of lunules placed between the nervules from the first subcostal nervule to the 
submedian nervure. A pale brown, straight, fine, marginal line. Underside : fore wing 
ferruginous, the area below the cell marked with black patches between the veins, white 
markings much as above, the submarginal lines more distinct, a patch of violaceous powdering 
about the middle of the outer margin. Hind wing also ferruginous, outwardly more or less 
with violaceous powdering. A curved white streak from the base above the costal nervure, 
the discal band as above, but widening out below the costal nervure, the submarginal series 
of lunules larger, the marginal line broader and violaceous, abdominal area pale greenish. 
Cilia alternately black and white. Body black above, with an iridescent bluish-white band 
at the base of the abdomen ; below white. Female differs from the male in the ground- 
colour on both sides being much paler, and all the white markings considerably larger."' 
Var. orientalis, Elwes. Male. Upper surface, all the wings deeper black than in the type ; the 
white spots are smaller and the bauds narrower ; discoidal streak suffused with black. 
Under surface deep ferruginous, darker than in the type, but the white markings are not 
conspicuously narrower. In some specimens from Wa-shan and Omei-shan the abdominal 
area of the secondaries is hardly pale greenish, but there are a few greenish-grey scales 
sprinkled on this portion of the wing ; the central band is oblique to submedian nervure, 
where it terminates in a subacute point. 
Female agrees with typical males in colour, size of ^pots, and width of bands, but rather exceeds 
typical females in expanse. 
This is the only form of A. opalina received from China. It occurs at 
Pu-tsu-fong, Moupin, Wa-ssu-kow, Wa-shan, and Omei-shan in Western 
China, and at Chang-yang in Central China. Flies in Jnne and Jnly at 
elevations ranging from about 4000 feet up to nearly 10,000 feet. 
Mr. Elwes says oi orientalis, Avhich he considers to be a distinct species : — I 
have eight males from Sikkim, one from Nepal, and two from the Khasia, which 
all agree in being of a much darker colour than any of my specimens of 
opalina, which are from Murree, Simla, Kangra, Mandi, and Chamba ; the 
bands of the hind wing are also narrower, and of a less pure Avhite, so that I 
should have no difficulty in distinguishing the eastern form if the labels Avere 
removed." 
I am quite unable to find any specific difference between this form and 
A. ojyalina, of Avhich I have an extensive series of both sexes from various 
parts of the North-western Himalayas. In the collection of the late Otto 
Moller, from Daijeeling, now in my possession, there is a fine series of 
A. opalina, which comprises six examples of the type-form [opalina) and six 
of the dark form with narrow white bands [orientalis). The latter specimens 
2 A 
