212 
NTMPHALID^. 
This is one of the most variable species of the genus Melitoea, and a large 
number of the forms have been named and described. It occurs throughout 
the greater part of the Palsearctic Region. 
MelitsBa aurinia. 
Papilio aurinia, Rottemburg, Naturf. vi. p. 5 (1775). 
Papilio artemis, Wien. Verz. p. 322 (1776); Hiibner, Eur. Schmett. i. figs. 4-G (1793), 
fig. 653 (1824). 
Argynnis artemis, Godart; Enc. Meth. ix. p. 285 (1819). 
Melitcea artemis, Herrich-Sdiafier, Schmett. Eur. i. figs. 364, 365 (1850). 
Melitaa aurinia, Lang, Butt. Eur. p. 183, pi. xliii. fig. 2 (1884). 
Melitaa aurinia, var. sibirica, Staudinger, Cat. 1861, p. 7, 1871, p. 17 = var. desfon- 
tainesii, Eversmaun, Lep. Ross. p. 92. 
"Expands from 1*30 to 2-16 inches. Wings reddish fulvous, -with lightish yellow spots 
surrounded by black. The hind margins of all the wings with a row of brownish lunules, 
external to which is a very narrow black border. Underside glossy, much duller and less 
distinct than in Maturna, the yellow spots on the fore wings being scarcely visible. The 
hind wings have a central light band and light basal spots ; along the hind margin is a row 
of light lunules, and between these and the central band a row of light spots enclosing black 
dots. 
" Larva. Black, with a lateral row of white dots ; the head as well as the spines black ; legs 
reddish. Pupa. Light yellow, spotted with black ; the wing-oases white." (Lany, I. c.) 
Further details of the early stages of this species will be found in Buckler's ' Larva) of the British 
Butterflies.' 
Food-plants Scabiosa and honeysuckle {Lonicera). 
Var. sibirica, staudinger, = desfontainesH, Evcrsmann (nec desfontainii, Godart), is said to diff'cr 
from the type in being paler in colour and having broader fulvous l)ands on the secondaries. 
Evcrsmann states that specimens of aurinia {artemis) from Eastern Siberia (his dcsfontainesii) 
are usually very pale, and have very little black, and much more yellow in the markings, 
the fulvous band of secondaries occupying more than half of the wing. 
I found this species rather common at Gcnsan, Corea, in June. The 
specimens are rather larger, paler, and more uniform in colour than those 
from Europe, and the apex of primaries is more produced. Three examples 
appear to be referable to var. sibirica, Stand. 
Dr. Fixscn records 3f. aurinia (artemis) from the Corca, and states tliat the 
specimens are intermediate between the European type and the Siberian 
form. This last he refers to as paflidissima, Ehvcs ; evidently an error on 
his part, as the term " pallidissima " was used by Staudinger in his catalogue 
to indicate the differential character of his var. sibirica, and is not the name 
