250 
NTMPHALID^. 
its first and second branches arising near to one another, and but little before the end of 
the cell, the third arising at about two thirds of the distance from the base to the apex, 
terminating at the apex, the fourth rather nearer to the origin of the third than to the 
outer margin; upper and middle discocellular nervules all but wanting; lower discoceUular 
very slender, sometimes nearly atrophied, arising from the second discoidal nervule at a 
short distance from its origin, nearly straight, directed outwards, anastomosing with the 
third median nervule at some distance from its origin, at a point where it is slightl)' 
angulated. 
" Hind wing somewhat obovate, the inner margin the longest ; the costal and outer margins of 
about equal length, the former rounded, the latter more or less sinuate and subdentate. 
Prfficostal nervure simple or slightly bifid, the outer branch nearly atrophied ; discoidal 
nervule arising from the second subcostal soon after its origin ; lower discocellular nervule 
very slender, anastomosing with the median nervure opposite to the origin of its second 
branch. 
" Fore legs of the male densely hairy ; the tibia a little shorter than the femur ; the tarsus than 
the tibia ; tibia subcylindric, unarmed; tarsus subcylindric, tapering towards the apex, 
which is obtusely conical : of the female with the femur, tibia, and base of tarsus densely 
hairy, the proportion of these parts as in the males ; tibia subcylindric, sparingly spiny 
within ; tarsus with the first and second joints spiny below', the latter rather more than 
one fifth the length of the former ; both armed at the apex, as are the two following joints, 
with a stout joint on each side, covered by a more or less distinct tuft of hairs at the base 
of the following joint ; third joint little more than half the length of the second, trans- 
verse ; fourth joint shorter than the third, transverse, obliquely truncate at the apex ; 
fifth joint short, transverse, about equal in length to the fourth, 
" Middle and hind' legs moderately stout ; the femur in the former longer than in the latter, 
equal to the tibia ; tibiae with two latero-internal rows of spines, and lateral less regular 
series ; spurs stout, elongate ; tarsi spiny above, laterally, and, except the fifth joint, below; 
the spines of the lower surface stout, long, arranged in two nearly regular series ; middle 
tarsi with the first joint about three times the length of the second ; the posterior tarsi 
witli the first joint little more than double the length of tho second ; third joint considerably 
shorter than the second ; tho fourth than the third ; fifth about equal to tho second ; claws 
rather stout, curved, grooved below. Paronychia very hairy, bilaciniate ; tho outer lacinia 
strap-shaped, as long as the claw ; the inner short, subtriangular, or with the inner lacinia 
rudimentary; the outer elongate, triangular, slender. Pulvillus jointed, shorter than the 
claws, or merely rudimentary. 
" Labva cylindric ; all the segments, except the head and prothoracic segment, armed with vcrti- 
cillate spines. Coloration brown or olive, tending more or less to green, with an inter- 
rupted pale longitudinal band on each side. In their liabits they are different from 
Vanessa, being always solitary, drawing together the sides of a leaf with silken threads, 
and thus forming a cylindrical dwelling. Pupa more or less angular and tuberculate, the 
head rather obtusely bifid. Coloration some shade of brown, green, or olive, more or less 
ornamented with golden spots. 
' Pijrameis differs from Vanessa in having the wings less angular; tho palpi less hairy, and of 
Boraewhat (liffLrent form ; tlie club of the antenna) rather more pointed ; and in other less 
obvious cliaracters." (Dovhledaij, I. c.) 
