MIMETIC ASSOCIATIONS 



73 



of Neave. That author, in the absence of fuller material, assigned peculiaris to P. gallienus, 

 though it is now generally recognized as the eastern form of P. cynorta. I have figured this 

 variety on Plate V, Fig. 17, together with its model, Planema paragea, Fig. 16, described and 

 figured by Smith and Kirby (Rhop. Exot., 1901, p. 29, Acraea, Plate VII, Figs. 7, 8). Planema 

 paragea is evidently closely allied to epaea. It is strange that the female P. cynorta should 

 have developed in East Africa a pattern which, in the cabinet at least, appears to be much 

 less conspicuous than that of the western form. It would seem as though P. epaea, in extend- 

 ing eastward, had undergone a modification to paragea, owing to causes which affected its 

 own economy, and that in becoming modified it had carried the Papilio with it. I am 

 indebted to the kindness of Mr. C. J. Grist for the opportunity of figuring the peculiaris 

 form of P. cynorta from an example in his collection. The drawing of the Planema is from 

 a specimen in my own collection. Both insects were taken at Entebbe. 



PLANEMA AGANICE. 



Hewitson, Exot. Butt., Acraea, pi. i, f. 6 (1852). 



Trimen, S. Af. Butt., i, p. 180 (1887). 



Butler (var. montana), Proc. Zool. Soc, p. 91 (1888). 



Rogenhofer {montana j), Ann. Mus. Wien., vi. p. 458, pi. 15, f. 2 (1891). 

 Vuillot {bertha), An. E. Fr. 60 Bull., p. 96 (1891). 

 Holland {chanleri), Proc. U. S. N. Mus., xviii, p. 748 (1893). 

 Aurivillius, Rhop. Aeth., p. 121 (1898). 



Want of space has prevented me from figuring this Planema, though in view of the 

 abundance of the species the omission will not, I trust, be a serious one. The male has an 

 expanse of about 2| inches. The ground-colour of the fore- wings is nearly black. A pale 

 narrow discal band, varying from creamy- white to ochre-yellow, beginning just beneath 

 the costal nervure and divided by the nervules into eight somewhat elongate spots, the 

 first five of which are continuous and parallel with the costa, the sixth and seventh broader, 

 somewhat more distally placed, and directed towards the hind-margin, the eighth small and 

 triangular, and lying between the first median and the submedian. The hind- wing has 

 a broad curved discal band varying from creamy-white to ochre-yellow. A broad marginal 

 band of brownish-black. The base of the wing dark red-brown with numerous black spots. 

 On the underside the pattern is repeated but all the colours are paler, especially the brown 

 triangular basal patch in the hind-wing, which is prominently spotted with black. At 

 the base of the fore- wing, just above the origin of the costal nervure, is a small pale spot 

 surrounded with black. 



The female is often much larger. One example before me as I write has an expanse 

 of 3f inches. The pattern is the same as in the male, but the discal bands are white, and 

 often much broader and more continuous towards the inner-margin. 



The variety montana ^ is more variable. The typical male resembles aganice, but the 

 discal band in the fore-wings is broader and more continuous, and is deep orange-ochreous 

 in colour. The dark marginal band in the hind-wing is narrower than in aganice, and the rest 

 of the wing is dark orange-ochreous, the basal patch being usually only a little darker than 

 the general colour. 



^ Trimen considers that montana is entitled to taken alone is not sufficient. For the sake of uni- 

 species rank (see Trans. Ent. Soc, 1908, p. 551, note), formity I have retained the arrangement of Aurivillius, 

 and though I have photographed the genitalia of though at the same time I attach every importance 

 aganice and montana and can find no appreciable to Mr. Trimen's opinion, 

 difference between them, this particular evidence 

 1200 K 



