MIMETIC ASSOCIATIONS 



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by Cramer in 1777, Plate II, Fig. 3, which is characterized by having the yellow of the hind- 

 wings largely replaced by white. The fore- wings of this variety are usuahy of the golden-yellow 

 coloration, though I possess a single specimen from Entebbe which is of the darker form, 

 and has the hind-wings nearly as white as in the example figured. Moore, in Proc. Zool. 

 Soc, 1883, Part ii, described and figured a form which he named alcippoides. It differs 

 from alcippus in that the fore-wing has a broader series of white sub-apical spots, and the 

 white spot below these is much larger. There is a lower discal spot in the yellow area between 

 the first and second median, and the hind-wings have somewhat less white than in alcippus. 

 On Plate II, Fig. 7, is shown a variety which is without the black and white sub-apical bar 

 in the fore-wings. This form is the dorippus of Klug. The general colour often has a ten- 

 dency to be somewhat duller and paler than in the example shown. I have not seen this 

 form having the dark brown ground-colour. Plate II, Fig. 9, shows the variety albinus. 

 This resembles the dorippus form but has the hind- wings suffused with white, and bears the 

 same relation to dorippus as alcippus does to chrysippus. Some confusion has occurred 

 in recent works with regard to the nomenclature of these forms. Klug described dorippus 

 and a white hind- winged form as a variety of it (the form now called alhinus). In the 

 Proc. Zool. Soc, 1885, part iv, when describing Lepidoptera of Somaliland, Butler, by an 

 oversight, described the dorippus form as being unnamed and gave it the name klugii, 

 and the name dorippus was given to the white hind- winged form ^. The mistake became 

 emphasized by a paper read before the Bombay Natural History Society in 1892 by Colonel 

 Yerbury, in which, presumably relying on Butler's description, he pointed out that dorippus 

 bore the same relation to klugii as alcippus to the type form. It must be understood, there- 

 fore, that the name klugii, frequently found in entomological literature of recent years, 

 refers to the original dorippus form described by Klug, and the white hind-winged form 

 frequently called dorippus should be albinus. The alcippus described by Marshall and 

 De Niceville in their ' Butterflies of India ' is probably equivalent to the alcippoides variety. 

 Trimen describes the larva as follows : — 



' Pale bluish-grey ; on the back transversely barred with bright pale yellow and streaked 

 with white. Yellow bar in front of each segment from third to twelfth, (both inclusive), 

 edged with black both anteriorly and posteriorly, and usually divided mesially by a short 

 "black streak uniting the black edges ; three thin black streaks across each of these segments 

 in its middle and posterior portion, and three similar streaks also on second and last segments. 

 Front of head with a black horseshoe-shaped streak ; spiracular stripe bright yellow rather 

 suffused ; legs bluish-grey barred with black. Three pairs of moderately long, black, flexible 

 filaments springing from the back of the third, sixth, and twelfth segments respectively, 

 in each case from near the extremities of the transverse yellow bar ; all these filaments are 

 crimson just at the base, and the first pair larger than the others. Length, i in. 6-9 lin.' 



The pupa occurs in two forms and occasionally shows intermediate gradations. It 

 is either green or pinkish and is ornamented with gold spots which disappear as the imago 

 becomes developed therein. Wood-Mason, who has found by experiment that males and 

 females are produced indifferently from the pink and yellow forms of the pupa, considers 

 that the dichroic phenomena which it exhibits form an instance of cryptic colouring, the 

 insect at this stage harmonizing either with the green leaves or the pink blossoms of the 

 plant on which it is suspended. Trimen, however, does not think that the colour of the 

 pupa is affected by its surroundings, he having allowed the larvae in confinement free choice 



1 There was a certain amount of excuse for this error, since in the plate accompanying Klug's description 

 the names are unfortunately reversed and dorippus is applied to the white hind-winged form. 

 1200 D 



