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AFRICAN MIMETIC BUTTERFLIES 



as niavius has a broader black border than its southern representative dominicanus. 

 The example illustrated is also remarkable in the possession of rudimentary tails to 

 the hind-wings. The pale area beyond the costal bar has become a spot corresponding 

 to the cell spot of the model. 



f. TROPHONius, Westwood, Plate X, Fig. 9. 



The trophonius of the dardanus subspecies differs from that of the south by the 

 strongly marked internervular rays in the hind-wing. It mimics D. chrysippus. 



f. PLANEMOiDES, Trimen, Plate X, Fig. 12. 



This mimic of Planema poggei occurs only where the model is common. We can 

 still observe in this form the persistent retention of the pale area beyond the costal 

 bar, now represented by a mere notch. 



PAPILIO DARDANUS CENEA, Stoll. South Africa, Plate X, Fig. 2 (male). Transitional 

 forms to tihullus, Kirby. Delagoa Bay to Mombasa. Male = hrutus, Godart. 

 The males of this subspecies are generally, especially in the south, characterized by the 

 greater extent and continuity of the black submarginal border in the hind-wings, and also 

 frequently by the much darker shade of the complicated underside pattern. Female forms 

 associated with it are : — 



f. HiPPOCOON { = hippocoonides, Haase), Plate X, Fig. 6. 



Distinguished by the narrower hind- wing margin corresponding to that in the model 

 niavius dominicanus. Intermediate forms figured by Hewitson have been described as 

 niobe and nioboides by Aurivillius. 



f. TROPHONIUS, Westwood, Plate X, Fig. 10. 



Distinguished from the western trophonius by the faintness and attenuation of 

 the dark internervular rays in the hind-wing. 



f. CENEA, Stoll., Plate X, Fig. 13 (buff-spotted). Fig. 14 (white-spotted). 



This form is by far the commonest of all varieties of female, and mimics the white 

 and buff-spotted forms of Amauris. It is very unfortunate for the simplicity of the 

 nomenclature that in this case we have the same name for a subspecies and also for 

 a variety which is common to other subspecies, and this fact must be born in mind when 

 dealing with the forms of this butterfly. The full designation of this variety con- 

 sequently becomes Papilio dardanus cenea, form cenea. 



PAPILIO DARDANUS TIBULLUS, R. and J. Delagoa Bay to Mombasa. 



This subspecies is less distinctly separated from dardanus cenea than are the other 

 forms, intergradations being commonly met with, but as it has been given subspecific 

 rank I have included it here. It has the following forms of female : — 



f. HIPPOCOON. 



f. CENEA (buff-spotted), 

 f. CENEA (white-spotted). 



f. TROPHONIUS. 



f. TRIMENI, Poulton. 



The trimeni form occurs also in the subspecies polytrophus, but is larger in tibullus 

 than in the former. 



