34 



INDIANA UNIVERSITY 



large. In one species, at least, the fish swims below its prey and 

 then by a wing stroke of the pectorals lifts itself to the food. 



In the related Tetragonopterinae the differences between genera 

 consist largely in the different combinations of a comparatively 

 few characters; in the Glandulocandinae there is considerable orig- 

 inality as may be seen in the key to the genera. 



Description of the Gland ulocaudinw 



Premaxillary teeth notched, in two series, inandihiihiry and maxillary 

 teeth in a single series. 



Origin of dorsal distinctly behind the middle of the body except in 

 Glamlulocanda melanopleura; anal short or of moderate length; moutli 

 very oblique, the lower jaw quite or nearly entering the profile; pectorals 

 large, falcate, reaching beyond origin of ventrals, frequently to the anal ; 

 profile from dorsal to snout nearly straight, the ventral profile from chin to 

 ventrals arched ; second suborbital usually covering the entire cheek. 



Sexual dimorphism very marked, the fins of the males frequently 

 greatly exaggerated, the lower fulcra in the male frequently separate from 

 the rest of the lower caudal lobe; caudal in the male with peculiar glandu- 

 lar scales or pouches covered by united scales, frequently split to the base 

 in the middle ; opercles or scales sometimes modified. 



Distribution : Panama to the Pacific side of Ecuador, eastward 

 through Colombia (and Venezuela?) to Trinidad ; eastern (San Francisco) 

 an.d southeastern Brazil (Parahyba to Rio Grande do Sul) and Uruguay 

 to Paraguay. It has not so far been found in the Amazon basin. 



Through Landonhi, Argopleura, and Bryconamericus hen in this sub- 

 fainily is allied to the Tetragonopterinie ; through fjoeluriclitliys and Blep- 

 foneina to the Aphyocharacinse. 



Keij to the Genera of the GlanduloGaudince 



a. Opercles in male prolonged, ending in a dermal flap over the anal ; 

 hi)s in males very large; dorsal and anal rounded; last anal ray in male 

 prolonged; lateral line complete. No adipose fin (Stevardiim"e). 



/. Stevardia. 



aa. Opercle notched above, prolonged to a point below ; adipose fin 

 present; last anal rays higher than those of the middle; lateral line devel- 

 oped in front and near caudal, not in middle. (Diapominse). 



//. Diapoma. 



aaa. Opercle not prolonged. 



b. A scale of the side prolonged, expanded into a dermal flap at its 

 end, similar to the opercular flap in Stevardia ; dorsal and anal rounded ; 

 last anal ray greatly prolonged ; adipose fin present ; lateral line incom- 

 plete; gill-membranes united (Pterobryconinje) . ///. Pterobrycon. 



bb. Sides without prolonged scales. 



c. Preventral area trenchant ; dorsal and anal in male enlarged ; 

 lateral line complete ; adipose fin present. (Pseudocorynopominse) . 



IV. Pscudocorympoma. 



