516 SPANISH AMERICA. 



Congress directed its sittings to be trans- 

 ferred to Bogota, reserving for happier 

 days to raise the city of Bolivar." On the 

 9th, Bolivar, who had been ultimately in- 

 vested with the executive power, authorized, 

 by a decree, Santander to exercise its func- 

 tions during his own absence with the army. 

 On the 14th the session of the Congress was 

 closed. 



A short time previously, Guayaquil had 

 placed itself under the protection of the re- 

 public ; and on the 15th of October, Cuma- 

 na, which had so long held out, surrendered 

 to General Bermudez ; the garrison, consist- 

 ing of one thousand five hundred men, being- 

 shipped off for Puerto Rico. On the 28th 

 of November, the whole of the Isthmus of 

 Darien, or, as it is now called, the Isthmus 

 of Panama, declared its independence, and 

 soon afterwards became a part of the repub- 

 lic of Colombia. 



In Quito, hostilities recommenced on the 

 22d of February 1822. Bolivar, proceeding 



