Inoculation for Pleuro- Pneumonia in Cattle. 373 



bj a culvert under part of the mill-stream into, and partly through, 

 at a depth of 7 feet, about 140 acres of land that was but a 

 little above the level of the mill-head. The bottom of this drain 

 was gravel and sand, and it perfectly drained 100 acres of the 

 land, and benefited the other 40 acres and the adjoining lands ; 

 it cost 205/., and increased the value of the land 1500/. 



Although in these remarks, which I do not intend to apply to 

 tidal rivers, I have treated the land that may be improved as 

 meadow, there is much arable land similarly circumstanced, and 

 consequently subject to much greater injury ; and some of the grass- 

 land that, if drained, might with profit be converted into arable. 



In addition to raising the value of the land, the advantages of 

 these improvements would be great to the country in affording 

 employment, in the health of the inhabitants, and in the increased 

 production of the soil. 



XVIII. — Report on Inoculation for Pleuro- Pneumonia in Cattle. 

 By Professor Simonds, of the Royal Veterinary College. 



In presenting a report on the subject of the prevention of Pleuro- 

 pneumonia by inoculation, it may be observed that there are few 

 things, connected with the diseases of domesticated animals, which 

 have of late years more painfully interested the agriculturist, 

 than the existence of this malady among cattle. The affection 

 has spread far and wide in this country, and destroyed great 

 numbers of our cattle, under circumstances of the most opposite 

 description, in consequence of its possessing all the characters 

 that belong to an epizootic disease : — thus not only the hopes of 

 the farmer have been blighted, but in many instances his ruin has 

 been nearly effected. As we know but little of the causes which 

 have produced its repeated outbreak in certain localities, as well 

 as its continued existence in others, so we are equally ignorant of 

 those which led to its first introduction into this kingdom. 

 Unlike many similar disorders, it cannot be traced to the direct 

 importation of animals in whose system the disease was incu- 

 bated, but like cholera and other epidemics, it seems to have 

 visited our shores, through, as has been supposed, a peculiar con- 

 taminated state of the atmosphere. 



Perhaps the only point which has been clearly established with 

 reference to its appearance here, is its prior existence in Ger- 

 many and other parts of the Continent ; Avhere for some years it 

 had proved very destructive, and" where it still remains unabated 

 in severity. Various as have been the attempts at prevention 

 as well as cure, all at times have proved alike ineifective, and it 



