FOREST AND STREAM. 



[001. S3, 1890. 



CLASSIFICATION ON THE ST. LAWRENCE. 



AT a special meeting: of the St. Lawrence Y. C. of Montreal, held 

 on the evening of Oct. 15, the following report on classmea- 

 tion was submitted, considered and accepted. A motion for its 

 acceptance was adopted almost unanimously. The consideration 

 of the individual amendments to the sailing regulations, recom- 

 mended by the report, which requi re to be carried by a two-thirds 

 majority, "was postponed until Oct. 24: 



st, TjAwrhnce y. c— report ojf the committee on classifica- 

 tion. 



This committee, having been appointed to consider the question 

 of classification, and any possible improvements in the sailing 

 regulations, beg leave to submit the following report: 



Having taken into consideration the developments of racing, 

 both on our own waters and elsewhere, we consider that our rules 

 require revision in regard to: 



First— Tbe general system of classification and measurement. 



Second — The methods of measurement. 



Third — The limitation of crews. 



Fourth — The more accurate definition of certain existing rules. 



Classification and Mcumirernent.-Jt is the measurement rule, and 

 the system of classification, under which racing is carried on, 

 which has the principal effect in determining the type of yachts 

 which are built for competitive racing, and the more the type of 

 vessel developed by the existing systems differs from that which 

 meets the wants and conveniences of owners, the fewer will be 

 built to compete in the races so governed. 



The essential feature of the system, of measurement and classi- 

 fication is that boats of different dimensions and types which are 

 about of the same size, may be raced together; and that the influ- 

 ence of the system upon design is such, that t lie mnyt successful 

 racing craft may be also the most desirable craft for cruising and 

 pleasure sailing. 



The selection of any one of the prime elements of a vessel as a 

 basis for determining its size is equivalent to discriminating 

 against that element in favor of the others; this dimension is, in 

 fact, taxed, and the inevitable result is a tendency to increase the 

 size of the vessel without increasing the taxed dimension. TJndeT 

 the club's existing system, of classification and measurement, 

 while length is rigorously restricted by the classification, beam 

 and draft are taxed to only a limited extent by the system of time 

 allowance, which it is everywhere conceded caunot adequately 

 compensai e for difference in size; the result, of course, being that 

 a designer is forced to take the full waterline length allowed for 

 the class he builds into, and increase the power to an abnormal 

 extenl; building, in fact, large vessels on a short waterline length. 

 The liberty of the designer in selecting the prime elements of 

 speed, in dimension and model, is reduced to a minimum, and an 

 arbitrary type of model is developed. 



The club's present measurement rule seems in every way to pro- 

 vide the basis necessary to prevent the results which follow from 

 the taxation of one dimension, as all the elements of speed— viz., 

 size, length and, through the sail area, beam and draft— are fully 

 taxed. If the classification be based on the corrected length 

 found by this rule, the designer is left free to select for any given 

 class his proportions of length and sail, which implies of beam 

 and draft as well, length being diminished as sail )s increased. 

 As an instance of the manner in which classification by corrected 

 length would work for a BOft. class, a vessel might be built for that 

 class with 25ft. l.w.l. length aud l,825sq. ft, of sail, or 27ft. l.w.l. 

 length and l,0S9sq. ft. of sail, or 29ft. l.w.l. length and OBisq. ft. of 

 sail. 



Vessels built under such a system are much more likely to be of 

 a normal type, and, therefore, more generally useful and less ex- 

 pensive to build and keep up, than under any ottier now known. 



Your committee therefore recommend that the club should base 

 its classification upon corrected length, and we make this sugges- 

 tion with the more boldness, because in doing so we are but follow- 

 ing in the footsteps of the classification committies of the Seawan- 

 haka Corinthian, the New York, the Lake Yacht Raciug Associa- 

 tion, the Corinthian of New York, and the Larehmont. Classifi- 

 cation by corrected length has been adopted by the Yacht Racing 



because united action could not be agreed upon, owing mainly to 

 the influence of vested interests; which influence does not com- 

 plicate the matter as far as this club is concerned. It has been 

 found possible to classify the existing fleet upon a corrected length 

 basis in such a manner, that while ho hardship is indicted upon, 

 any existing boat, the most desirable sizes of boats for our waters 

 will be encouraged. By making the limits of the classes over 

 30ft. corrected length, over 24 and up to 30ft., and 24ft. and under, 

 tne existing boats will he placed in the same relation, the one to 

 the other, that they occupied under the old classification at 'the 

 beginning of the season. The probable cost of a 30-footer under 

 this classification would be $1,000, and of a 24-f ooter $500. In order 

 that those of our members wiio do not care to build such ex- 

 pensive boats, or who cannot get crews for large boats, may be 

 enabled to take part in the racing, it is advisable that provision 

 be made for a small class of yachts, which, while comparatively iu- 

 expensive, would be safe and seaworthy little craft. After giving 

 the matter much consideration, the conclusion arrived at is that 

 a limit of ISft. corrected length will be the best suited to produce 

 such a class. In order that this class should be composed, not of 

 racing machines, but of miniature yachts, it is advisable that a 

 minimum beam of 5ft., or in lieu thereof at least oOOibs. of stand- 

 ing ballast, be necessary to enable a boat to enter the class; and, 

 as these boats are intended to be perfectly safe if handled by one 

 man, that the racing crew be restrict ed to two men. The boat 

 which should be encouraged by these regulations would cost about 

 $125, and while one man could handle it with perfect safety, it 

 should accommodate two or three for cruising or pleasure sailing. 



Such a class would, in the opinion of your committee, do much 

 more to promote the interest in yachting than the present skiff 

 classes do, and it would appear to be advisable that they ba aban- 

 doned. 



The second class of skiffs has practically ceased to exist as a 

 racing class; and the first class skiffs on the squadron list are 

 now, with one exception, owned in a canoe club, under whose 

 auspices they race with apparently mote satisfactory results than 

 under those of this club. It would not, therefore, in anyway 

 injure the skiff racing to drop the skiffs altogether from the club 

 races, and your committee feel confident that the skiff owners 

 would not feel such action to be a hardship and would still retain 

 their connection with the club. 



The position of the boats of the present fleet under the recom- 

 mendations of your committee, is shown on Table 1., as appended. 

 The ratio between length and sail area, as established by a cor- 

 rected length classification in the various classes by Table II, 



Measurements— In order to prevent as far as possible any evasion 

 of the measurement rule your committee recommend-" 



First— That the perpendicular measurement be taken from the 

 upper halliard sheave instead of as at present from the gafftopsail 

 halliard sheave. 



Second— That in the measurement of the base line the forward 

 point of measurement be half way between the jihstay and the 

 topmast stay. 



Third— That any excess in the length of the spinaker boom over 

 the distance from the mast to the forward point of base line 

 should be included in the length of the base line. At present the 

 spinaker is the only sail on which there is not some limitation, 

 and your committee are of the opinion that unless the present rule 

 is amended the size of spinaker will increase to an undesirable 

 extent with the necessary accompaniment of along and danger- 

 ous boom. 



Limitation of Crews,— In recommending classification by cor- 

 rected length, your committee find it necessary to advise that the 

 present, restriction upon crews be greatly increased. So import- 

 ant does it deem this matter to be, that it will be in its opinion 

 useless to adopt other measures for improving the fleet, as long as 

 boats of 21ft. on the waterline are permitted to carry a fair work- 

 ing crew tor a vessel of 40it. Classification by corrected length, 

 with the present crew limit, would make it possible to build a big 

 racing skiff against which our present boats would have no 

 chance of winniug. Take for instance in the 80ft. class, a 31ft. 

 Sauve skiff with fcSOf t. of sail, and eleven men to hold her up. 

 Such a boat would, of course, be perfectly useless for anything 

 but racing. As matters now stand the limit of crew is so high 

 that the ratio between sail area and stability encouraged by it is 

 BUch as to make it undesirable for the typical racing boat to be 

 used for pleasure sailing, unless she has her racing crew on board. 

 As racing crews cannot be got for ordinary sailing this means 

 that much of tbe usefulness is taken away from the boat and less 

 pleasure can be derived from her. The sailing strength of the 

 club is also concentrated to an undesirable exient upon a few 

 boats, and an expensive type of vessel is encouraged. Iris there- 

 fore recommended that a limit "of one man for every 5ft. of cor- 

 rected length be imposed. 



Aeewate Definition of Certain Rules.— Certain of the sailing 

 regulations of. the club are 'somewhat- indefinite, and do not pre- 

 cisely signify their intention, therefore, the committee suggest: 



First— That the form of entry-be altered to conform more closely 

 to the practices of the club,- 1 - 



Second-That the rule prohibiting the shifting of ballast should 



be amended as to prevent ballast from being carried on the floor 

 of the cockpit, or anywhere but under the platforms or in the 

 lockers. This amendment is but the amplification of an existing 

 law, it is in harmony with the policy of the club, and with the 

 practices of yacht clubs generally. 

 The whole respectfully submitted. (Signed) C. H. DtiGGAN. 



Dayid A. Poe. 



Jambs Paton. 



CHANGES IN THE L, Y. R, A. RULES. 



THIS Hamilton Y. C. gives notice that at the annual meeting of 

 the Lake Yacht Racine Association, to be held in Toronto on 

 Nov. 8 next, it will seek to amend the constitution thereo? as fol- 

 lows; 



1. That the following be inserted in paragraph 8 of Article V. 

 after the words "shall keep the Yacht Register provided for by 

 Article XI., Section 2," namely, "shall keep a record of the names 

 and times of the starters in each race held under the auspices of 

 the Association in a book provided for that purpose." 



2. That the following be added to paragraph 3 of Article VI.: 

 "but no delegate shall give a proxy to any person who is not a 

 co-delegate with him from the same club." 



3. That the words "other than the assessment mentioned in 

 Rule 1 of the Sailing Regulations" shall be inserted i n Article 

 VJIL between the words -no other assessment" and "shall be 

 levied." 



4. That the words "and in good standing therein" at the end of 

 paragraph 1 of Article XL be struck out. 



5. That the following he inserted as Article XIH. under the 

 heading of "Arrears:" "First — No club which is in arrear for any 

 assessment shall be entitled to be represented at any meeting of 

 the Association, nor shall any of its fleet be allowed to compete in 

 any race under the auspices of the Association. Second — No 

 yacht, the owner of which is not in good standing in the club to 

 which he is supposed to belong, shall be entitled to compete in any 

 race held under the auspices of the Association." 



6. That in Rule I. of the Sailing Regulations the following shall 

 be inserted after the first paragraph: "The executive committee 

 shall, however, at least one month prior to the first race of the 

 annual circuit, appoint an officer, at such remuneration as they 

 shall think fit, whose duty it shall be to attend all regattas held 

 under the auspices of the Association, and (under the direction of 

 the officers of the club giving the regatta) superintend the laying 

 and logging of courses and laying of buoys, calculate the time 

 allowances in the different classes, fire the guns at the proper 

 times, take and correct the times of the competing yachts and 

 generally do such work in connection with the management of 

 regattas as may be reasonably required of him. He shall also 

 keep a record of the names and times of the starters in each race 

 and after the close of each circuit shall send such record to the 

 Honorary Secretary of t he Association. The executive commit- 

 tee shall have power to levy an assessment on each club of the 

 Association sufficient in. the whole to pay expenses incurred by 

 the employment of such officer." 



7. That the following be added to tbe last paragranh of Rule II., 

 "but shall be classed and have crews allowed at their fall rating." 



8. That the words "the day before the day" in Rule III. be struck 

 out and the words "twenty-four hours at least before the time" be 

 substituted therefor. That the last two sentences of the said rule 

 be struck out and the following be substituted therefor, "Sundays 

 shall not be computed." That the following be added to the said 

 rule as paragraph 2 thereof: "Prior to the first race in which a 

 yacht may compete in any circuit, its owner shall deposit a cer- 

 tificate of measurement with the Association officer mentioned 

 in Rule I., which certificate shall be in the form following or to the 

 like effect; 



"We hereby cerlify that the owner of the 



rigged yacht is at present a member of the 



Yacht Club in good standing, and that the measurements of the 

 said yacht, in accordance with Rule II., are as follows: 



Jibstay (or bee-hole in bowsprit) to end of boom 



Topsail halliard sheave to top of boom or under side of goose- 

 neck j 



Eyei of rigging to top of boom or under side of goose-neck 



Waterline 



Corrected length 



Time allowance for one knot 



Measurer Secretary. 



. .189 . ' 



"Should any change be made in the rig or measurement of a 

 yacht during a circuit, a uew certificate shall be deposited with 

 such officer before such yacht shall be allowed to compete in any 

 subsequent race." 



9. That in the form of entry mentioned in Rule IV. the words 

 "her Association number is ..." be inserted between the words 



"her distinguishing flag is... "and "her rig is ," and 



that the words "her time allowance for one. knot is " he in- 

 serted after the words "and her corrected length, in accordance 

 with Rule II., is — feet." 



10. That the words "when the number of entries required have 

 been made and shall at the discretion of the sailing committee 

 be entitled to the prize, subject, however, to Rule V.," in Rule 

 VI. be struck out and the following substituted therefor: "wben 

 two entries have been made and shall be entitled to the prize, 

 subject, however, to Rule V." 



11. That paragraph 1 of Rule VIII., relating to distinguishing 

 flags, be struck out. 



12. That the words "No one, however, shall be allowed to steer 

 a yacht in any race unless he be a member of a club belonging to 

 the Associat ion" in Rule. XL be struck out. 



13. That the words "distinguishing flag" in line 6 of Rule XX. 

 be struck out and the words "a flag" he substituted therefor. 



14. That the followiug be added to Rule XXIV. at the end 

 thereof, "and no yacht shall he allowed to alter her rig or ballast 

 to enable her to sail in a different class than the one for which 

 she was originally measured Unless her owner can show to the 

 satisfaction of the sailing committee that, it is his intention to 

 sail permanently in the class to which he is altering his yacht. 

 When there is no race for a yacht in the class to which she belongs 

 she shall be allowed to sail in the class above, time allowance to 

 be computed on her corected length." 



15. That the words "to which said yacht belongs," in line 4, of 

 Rule XXV., be struck out, and the words "belonging to the Asso- 

 ciation" be substituted therefor. 



16. That in the table of time allowances the words "can be ex- 

 pressed in hundredths" be substituted for tbe words "can be ex- 

 pressed in tenths" in the second line of page 37, and that all the 

 words after "the next higher number" in the same sentence be 

 struck out. 



Hamilton Y. C, Oct. 4. 



The foregoing are the amendments which it is proposed to send 

 to the Association, but in addition it is proposed to move at, the 

 meeting as an amendment to amendment No. 14 that the follow- 

 ing be added to amondm'-nt. No. 8: "And should such change be 

 made to enable a yacht to sail in another class than that in which 

 she has previously sailed in the same circuit, such new certificate 

 and a declaration by the owner that the change is a permanent 

 one for the remainder of the circuit shall be deposited with such 

 officer at least forty-eight hours before such yacht shall compete 

 in any such subsequent race." 



jdclfting. 



RACING RULES ON LAKE ONTARIO, 



THE reports of the Hamilton and SL Lawrence. Y. C.a, which 

 appear elsewhere, give ample proof that the yachtsmen of 

 Lake Ontario, with their neighbors of the St. .Lawrence River, do 

 not propose to be left behind the times in the matter of racing 

 rules, but to keep ahead rather than astern of yachtsmen in more 

 favored localities. The report of the Hamilton Y. C. shows at 

 least a careful study of the new rules in the light of the present 

 season's racing, and an attempt to improve still further the minor 

 details. The work of the St. Lawrence Y. C. is in a line with that 

 done last year on the Lake, the adoption of a classification by 

 length and sail area, and its wording shows the care and labor 

 which the committee has devoted to their task. Such progres- 

 sive, intelligent and united action as that of the clubs of the Lake 

 Y. R. A. and the St. Lawrence. Y. C, nearly all young clubs dat- 

 ing back less than ten years, presents a very pleasing contrast to 

 the conservative and dilatory actions and the lack of harmony 

 which has attended similar movements for reform in clubs which 

 from. their age and high standing should take the lead in every 

 movement for the advancement of American yachting, 



CAPT. CHAS. BARR,— It is reported that Capt. Barr.Jind 

 Miherva'a crew haVe been already engaged to sail one of the new 

 Burgess 46-footers next season, - - --= 



CLYDE YACHT BUIDING.— The Clyde is obtaining its own 

 share of orders for the coming season. Mr. G-. L. Watson has in 

 hand a 40-rater for a French owner, which has to be launched in 

 time for the voyage out to the Mediterranean and some racing at 

 Nice and elsewhere. The success of Deerhound, also designed by 

 Mr. Watson at Nice last year, has led to this order, and the cutter 

 will probably be better than Creole. The cutter is being built by 

 Messrs. A. & J. Inglis, of Glasgow, which means that she will be 

 up to the requirements of a first-class cutter. Mr. Watson has 

 also been intrusted with another 10-rater, which will be built by 

 Mr. Adam, of Gourock, the builder of Phantom. The owner of 

 this cutter intends racing in this class on the Clyde as well as m 

 the English Channel. Mr. Watson has in hand a 7-ton cutter for 

 Mr. M. Clintock, to be. built by Mr. Ninian, of Largs, who has had 

 several commissious from the same designer. Another cutter 

 which Mr. Watson is furnishing the designs of is being built at 

 Rutherglen on Clyde, in a building yard which has turned out 

 pome good craft. The same designer has in hand an 8-ton cruiser 

 for the west coast of Ireland, and which may prove the occasion 

 for the sport getting a new spurt in Gal way Bay. Mr. Watson 

 has al=o in hand a racing gig for the upper Thame's,— Hie Field. 



THE FALCON ONT THE BALTIC— Every yachtsman who has 

 followed the adventures of tbe little Falcon and her intrepid 

 master, Mr. E. T. Knight, on her long cruise to South America, 

 will be ready to ship again in a boat of the same name, but of a 

 different type, for another cruise in the same company. Though 

 far less stirring and exciting than the first cruise, tne present one 

 is by no means less interesting, being as unique and unconven- 

 tional as most of Mr. Knight's ventures. The yacht is an old 

 steamer's life-boat, diagonal built, sharp at both ends, about 29ft. 

 over all, and 3ft. draft, with a yawl, or rather ketch rig. The 

 parties to the cruise were three, Mr. Knight, a paid hand, and a 

 lively and energetic leak in the keel; which afforded constant em- 

 ployment to the first two during a good part of the voyage. The 

 rout taken was from London to Harwicn, thence across the North 

 Sea to Rotterdam, thence on to Amsterdam, through the Zuyder 

 Zee and the Holland canals, and thence through the Danish Archi- 

 pelago to Copenhagen. Even with the very bad weather of the 

 Jubilee 3^ear the cruise was a pleasant one, and those wbo follow 

 it in the neat volume published by Messrs. W. H. Allen & Co. 

 will find plenty to repay them. 



A QUADRUPLE COLLISION.— About half-past 10 o'clock on 

 Sept. 29, when the tide in Portsmouth Harbor was at half flood 

 and rushing in with considerable force, a somewhat singular acci- 

 dent occurred. The Vanduara, cutter, was beingmoved out of the 

 1icr opposite Messrs. Camper & Nicholson's yard by her own crew, 

 with the object of being taken to a mud berth in Haslar Creek, 

 when the strength of the tide caused her to foul tbe schooner 

 Ptarmigan, the steamship Lyra and the yawl Anaconda. The 

 Vanduara, Ptarmigan and Anaconda were thrown across the bows 

 of Nelson's flagship Victory, and a general smash up was only 

 averted by a perfect miracle. The yachts all sustained more or 

 less damage, tho Ptarmigan getting the worst of it, being jammed 

 against the Victory by Vanduara, and losing both her topmasts 

 aud crosstrees, while it is feared that both her masts are sprung. 

 The other two yachts also had their bulwarks, bowsprits aud gear 

 partia Uy carried away. The Victory lost her jibboom and attach- 

 ments, but was not otherwise injured. The Lyra fortunately 

 escaped any injury whatever.— The Field. 



STEEL CHAINS AND ANCHORS.-No device for casting chains, 

 however, or making them in any other way from steel, has been so 

 far successful up to the present, as to have been practically adopted 

 by any vessel classed i u Lloyd's, or by any ship in H. M.N avy. Cast- 

 steel anchors, however, have come into use during the last, few 

 year?, and it has been necessary to consider the question of a 

 special set of tests for them. This was done in 1887 by a joint 

 committee, appointed by the Board of Trade, the Admiralty and 

 Lloyd's, and their report was given by U3 in these pages. It may be 

 that as more is known of the properties of steel and of its alloys, 

 a means may be found of casting chains with snch uniformity of 

 result that they will stand the severe tests, and meet the large re- 

 quirements necessary in the case of chain cables. What has 

 recently been stated of nickel-steel would appear to indicate that 

 in that, or in some other similar alloy, may be ultimately found a 

 metal from which may be cast chains of much greater strength 

 than those at present in use.— Nautical Magazine. 



A NEW IDEA IN RACING.— The Erith Y. Q., on the Lower 

 Thames, has lately introduced what promises to be a most popular 

 feature in in its racing. The club has been presented by Com. G. 

 W.Brown and Vice-Corn. T. H. Smith with three racing boats, 

 alike in every particular, wdiich boats are manned for racing by 

 crews drawn for each from among the club membeis, three men 

 and a helmsman for each boat. The boats, which Were built by 

 Messrs. Stone, of Erith, are clinker-built centerhoard craft, 18tt. 

 l.w.l., Oft. beam and 2ft. draft aft, with plumb stems, the rig being 

 a lug mainsail and a jib. Tney are very handsomely finished, 

 being bright, above water. As they are identical in size, model, rig 

 and sail area, it is of course a question of handling as to which 

 will win, and the racing will form a most admirable school for 

 Corinthians. 



MODEL YACHT SAILING.— The Philadelphia Model Y. C. has 

 done good work this season in encouraging this interesting branch 

 of yachting, a number of races having been sailed. On Oct. 18 the 

 first race for the Ladies' Challenge Cup took place on Centennial 

 Lake, in Fairmount Park, tne starters being Secret, Com. Bid die; 

 Vmdex, Capt. Porter, and Swanhllde, Prof, Koenig; all 80in. craft. 

 Swanhilde won 7 out. of U points. 



NEW YORK Y. C— The last regular meeting of the year will 

 be held to-night. 



XnnwwLH to jH/omspandente. 



piF" No Notice Taken of Anonymous Correspondents, 



W. H., Youngstown, O.— You do not give the breed of your dog. 



W. H., Youngstown, O.— You omitted to tell us what breed your 

 dog is. 



J. A. H , New York .-The quail are usually in good supply there, 

 and there is land not controlled by clubs. 



English Setter.,— 1. Where can I get an English setter dog 

 trained, not broken, for partridge and Woodcock? 2. Where can 

 I get an English setter puppy that I cau be sure is good blooded 

 and is all O. K.? Ans. You had better advertise for what you 

 want. 



J. C. H., Lanesboro, Minn.-l. How ought an oil paint for mak- 

 ing linen waterproof and sufficiently supple to be composed? As 

 I frequently, for the sake of exercise, tramp through the woods 

 even m rainy weather, this is tome an important question, and 

 one I have been unable to get answered by my acquaintances in 

 this neighborhood. The rubber coats lean eel out here I have 

 found to be unreliable and painted coats need renewal of the paint- 

 ing quite often. 2, Why does the Forest and Stream of late so 

 seldom contain any notes about the buffalo? Ans. 1. We quote a 

 receipt given before in these columns. "Take 2J4ibs. alum and dis- 

 solve in 10 gallons of boiling water; then in a separate vessel dis- 

 solve the same quantity of sugar of lead in 10 gallons of water and 

 mix the two solutions. The cloth is now well handled in this liquid 

 until every part of it is penetrated, then it is squeezed and dried 

 in the air or m a warm apartment, then washed in cold water and 

 dried again, when it is fit for use. If necessary the cloth may be 

 dipped in the liquid and dried twice before being washed. The 

 liquid appears curdled when the alum and lead solutions are m ixert 

 t ogether. 3. There is little to report. See note in our gun columns 

 today. 



INFORMATION WANTED. 



Washington Game Resorts— Washington, D. C— Having 

 just arrived in Washington I wonder if any of your readers can 

 tell me through your columns where is nearest point I can find 

 duck shooting and how to get to it.— I. S. P. 



Names and Portraits oe Birds, by Gurdon Trumbull. A , 

 book particularly interesting to gunners, for by its use they can .' 

 Identify without question ail the American game birds which 

 they may kill. Cloth, 230 pages, prica $2.50. For sale by Forest 

 ksn Stream. 



FOREST and Stream, Box 2,832, N. Y. city, has deserlptive illus- 

 trated circulars of W. B. Leffingwell's book, "Wild Fowl Shoot- 

 ing," which will be mailed free on reauest. The book 1b pro- 

 nounced by "Nanit." "Glean," u Dlck Swiveller," "Sybillene" and 

 other competent authorities to be the best treatise on the BPbJeot 

 extant; 



