S22 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



[Nov. 6, 1880, 



Secretaries of canoe clubs are requested to send to Forest and 

 Stream their addresses, with name, membership, signal, etc., of 

 their clubs, and also notices in advance of meetings and races, and 

 report of the same. Canoeists and all interested in canuwns are 

 requested to forward to Forest and Stream their addresses, with 

 logs of cruises, maps, and information concerning their local 

 waters, drawings or descriptions of boats and fittings, and all 

 items relating to the sport. 



AMERICAN CANOE ASSOCIATION. 



Officers, 1889-90. 

 Commodore: Wax.tkk.TT. LawSon, Boston, Mass. 



Secretary-Treasurer: R-i.ph *■ Brazbk. -IT i -uirnl sweet. Lowell, Mass. 

 Vice-Corn, Bear-Corn. Purser. 



Central Dl v.. Geo. A. Warder — E. L. French -T. K. Bakewell, 



110 Diamond street, Pittsburgh, Pa. 



Eastern Di v., Dr. J. A. Gage A. S. Putnam Ralph V. Brazer, 



Lowell, .Mass. 



N'thern Div. .W. J. White W. J. Bead C. M. Wbitlaw, 



Montreal, Can. 



Atlantic Div. ,M. V. Brokaw I. V. Dorland W. R. Haviland, 



Yonkers, N. Y. 



Applications fe>r memperShip must be made to division pursers, accom- 

 panied hv the ivooiumeinlaUoii of a» active in em tier and the sum of $2.00 

 for entrance fee and dues for current year. Every member attending 

 the general A. C. A. camp shall pay 81.iri for camp expenses, Application 

 sent to the Spc'v-Treas. will be forwarded by him to the proper Division. 



Persons residing in any Division and wishing to become members of 

 the A. C. A., will be furnished with printed forms of applicati on by address 

 ing the Purser. 



WESTERN CANOE ASSOCIATION. 



Commodore— D. H. Craue, Chicago. 111. 

 Vice-Commodore— N. B. Cook, Chicago, 111. 

 Bear-Commodore— O. A. Woodruff, Dayton, 0. 



THE A, C. A. MEET OF 1S90.-II. 



ATTENDANCE.— Wliile it was confidently expected that the 

 attendance at Jessup's Neck would greatly exceed that of 

 any former year, such was by no means the case, the number en- 

 rolled being only a fair average. Tbe official register shows but 

 218 names, including Squaw Point, and there were very few, if any, 

 who did not register. This number is small when the present 

 membership, a little over 1060 up to the close of the meet, is con- 

 sidered. The'attendance from the various Divisions was: Atlantic 

 lflti, Central 37, Eastern 78, Northern 2?. Of the 120 odd clubs in 

 the United States and Canada -which are wholly or in part, devoted 

 to canoeing, but 42 were represented, the number of members 

 which each sent to camp being as follows: 



Atlantic Envision: Ian the 21. Brooklyn 13, Yonkers 10, Knicker- 

 bocker 9, New York 8, Arlington 7, Red Dragon 5, Hoboken 5, 

 Trenton 4, Orange 1, Bayonne 3, Ompagel, Lake Hopatcong 1, 

 Kwoneshe 1. 



Central Division: Mohican 16, Rome 4, Rochester 4, Longworth 

 3, Buffalo 1, Ruckawa 1, Amsterdam 1. 



Eastern Division: Puritan 10, Hartford 10, Vesper 8, Springfield 

 5, Shuh Snub Gab. 5, Chelsea 5, Tatassit 4, Seconk 4, Owamix 3, 

 Litchfield S, Hofyoke 3. Norwalk 1, New Bedford 1. 



Northern Division: Ubiqoe 6, Toronto 6, R. M. C. 3, Otonabee 2, 

 Lindsav 2, Brockville 1, Whitby 1, Points Claire 1. 



Of these the lanthe O. C.. of Newark, N. J., takes the lead in 

 point of numbers, having 21 men in camp, besides a large delega- 

 tion at Squaw Point. The large attendance from tbe Passaic 

 River that was promised several years since for the first meet in 

 the Atlantic Division did not materialize, the total number of 

 members from tha t section being but 33. The whole list shows 

 that while there was a scattering of men from all sections, the 

 bulk of the attendance was from the vicinity of New York, from 

 Albany, Lowell, Springfield, Hartford aud Boston. The nearness 

 to the Eastern Division brought in a number of clubs hitherto not 

 seen at camp, Chelsea, Tatassit, Shuh Shuh Gab, Seconk, Holyoke, 

 Litchfield. The lanthe, Yonkers, Arlington and Hoboken clubs 

 sent some new men to camp, but a very large number from the 

 Atlantic Division were men well known in previous camps. The 

 Northern Division delegation was mainly composed of old regulars 

 who have visited every meet for years, there being a few young 

 recruits who came for 1 he ra cing. 



Considering the number of canoeists and canoe clubs in Amer- 

 ica, it might oe expected that the A. C. A. membership and the 

 atiendance at the meet would be much larger than it has thus far 

 proved. That th's is so is not. on account of the expense or be- 

 cause the. canoeist gets no return for his money, the annual dues 

 of a dollar are not very heavy, and the Division meets each year 

 are bringing the Association neater home to members, and aiding 

 canoeing in locali'ies never before reached. The reason why tbe 

 membership and attendance at the meets are not both larger is on 

 account of the disinclination of most men to take up anew thing 

 unless it is put prominently before them. Considering the length 

 of time that the A. C. A. has been established, and the amount of 

 publicity that has been given to the Association and the meets by 

 the special journals and the aaily press, it is surprising how many 

 men who are interested in canoeing know little or nothing about 

 it. Such men at times turn up by accident at a meet, at once 

 taking hold of the whole idea with enthusiasm and joining the 

 Association with expressions of regret that they did not know of 

 it before; but for one such there are dozens who never take the 

 trouble to learn what other canoeists are doing, but go on their 

 way alone. Ir is true in a way that if a man does not care to pay a 

 dollar and join the Association to see whether it will benefit him 

 the less is on his side; but at. the same time it has been proved 

 that such men often make the best members when by any chance 

 they are led to join. 



The question, then, is whether it is possible for the A. C. A. to 

 do any recruiting service or missionary work in this direction. A 

 certain amount of such work is incidental to every meet in a new 

 locality, but this is small compared with what might be done by 

 more active and comprehensive measures. The first duty of the 

 Association is to provide for the present members, but if at the 

 same time.it could increase the membership it would at once be 

 possible to do much more for them. Such schemes as involve any- 

 work of publishing are out of the question on account of the great 

 expense, but there is at least a fair promise of added membership 

 in the perfection and adoption of the club scbetne proposed sev- 

 eral years since. The small proportion of A. C. A, members in tbe 

 canoe clubs, and epeeially in the larger ones, is something remark- 

 able; it would seem that when a man is sufficiently interested to 

 belong to a capoe club and to own a canoe, that he would at the 

 .same time unite himself with a body that is doiug much, even 

 though iis work is not complete or perfect, for the advancement 

 of canoeing; but it is no uncommon thing to find a club of fifty 

 with hardly half a dozen A. C. A, members, the proportion being 

 as low in the smaller clubs. 



On the oue hand is the Association, with a most complete or- 

 ganization aud with an unlimited field for work, needing only 

 more members in general aud more workers in its various de- 

 partments. On the other are canoeists by the hundred, unat- 

 tached or members of the many clubs, who might belong to the 

 Association with advantage to it and to themselves. The ques- 

 tion is how to biing the club* to the aid of the central body, and 

 no perfectly satisfactory plan has yet been presented. The mat- 

 ter has been taken up in a small way by a few of the clubs, such 

 as the Brooklyn and lanthe, in which every member must, belong 

 to the A. 0, A., the usual plan being to include the A. O. A. dues 

 In the club dues, so that each member simply pays his club 

 purser, the latter remit I ing each year to the Division purser of 

 the A. C. A. for the lull membership of his club. Such an ar- 

 rangement is merely a private affair of the club, and is not offi- 

 cially recognized by the Association at present, but it offers so 

 many ad vantages that the sooner it'-eah be formally adopted by 

 the Association, the better it will he. 



The principal advantages are that it makes each club an active 

 agent for enlarging the membership of the Association.; if places 

 the responsibility for the standing of each member on a club 

 Which has some knowledge of him rather than of the A. C. A. 

 officers, to whom he is necessarily a stranger; it greatly simpii lies 

 the accounts ot the pursers, as they look to each club, a defiui fce 

 and responsible body, for the net sum, instead of collecting small 

 sums from scattered individuals; it brings the clubs into a close 

 relation with the Association, which is not now the case; audit 

 increases largely tbe esprit du corps of each club, with the result 

 of a larger attendante and a better display in camp. Canoeists 

 will recognize the fact that aside from the mere point of numbers, 

 the camp is more improved by the presence of large and well 

 managerl delegations from the clubs, than by the presence of the 

 same number of unattached canoeists. The various club encamp- 

 ments, such as the Vespers, lanthes, Mohicans and Brooklyns this 

 year; the club camp-tires, the parts which the clubB as distin- 

 guished from the individuals take in the illuminations, decora- 



tions and festivities of the camp, go to make the meet far pleas- 

 anter than if each man came to camp as an individual only; and 

 yet, at the same time, the clubs are practically unrecognized by 

 the Association. , .._ „ . 



One great advance has already been made, m the change of the 

 Association from a big club to a more complex but efficient body, 

 through the Division scheme; the next step must be a still fur. 

 ther carrying out of the same process by building up the Divisions 

 out of clubs, just as the whole body is made up of Divisions. There 

 are onlv two serious obstacles in the way of this plan; the large 

 clubs in which some members, for one reason or other, will not 

 join the Association, and the men who belong to the Association 

 and vet do not find it possible to join a club. It would not do to 

 exclude the latter, as they are often the pioneers doing good work 

 on the frontiers and well in advance of any club organizations, 

 and on the other hand there are not a few large clubs in which a 

 part only of the members are interested in canoeing, the others 

 being oarsmen, vachtsmen or athletes. Neither of these difficul- 

 ties are insuperable, aud if the matter were taken up in earnest 

 by the Association a satisfactory scheme might be devised. The 

 expenses of the Association would hardly be appreciably increased 

 by a doubling of its membership, the cost of the extra copies of 

 the year book would be a small matter, probably no more than 

 the postage, while the increased income would enable certain new 

 and useful work to be undertaken; or the present dues, small as 

 they are, might be somewhat lessened hy charging a certain re- 

 duced sum for the yearly membership of clubs of various sizes, 

 while retaining the present fee of one dollar for unattached 

 members. 



There are many cases of large and influential clubs with a mem- 

 bership of perhaps fifty, from which the A. C. A. does not receive 

 more than $10 per year, while the instances in which it receives 

 anything like an average of SI Per man from each club member 

 are very few. If in a club of fifty the whole membership could he 

 taken into the A. C. A. by a payment of say $35 per year, the in- 

 crease of income would he very material, tbe only added expense 

 being the extra copies of the year book. This is mainly due to the 

 fact that a camp such as the present one was capable of accom- 

 modating 500 as easily as 250, the wharf, kitchen, etc., being fully 

 adequate. Whether the camp would be any pleasanter or the 

 races more interesting with such a doubling of the attendance, is 

 at least doubtful; but the arrangement; for transportation, mess, 

 camp stores, etc , could be very much better. A certainty of an 

 attendance of 500 would, for instance, justify the chartering of a 

 good 60ft. launch io run during the whole period, as su -h a boat 

 would pay its expenses even at a moderate fare; and the great 

 difficulty of catering should be lessened with the certainty of the 

 attendance of a very large number. 



The Mess.— Old canoeists have various ways of remembering 

 and identifying the various meets, and one is by the quality of 

 the camp mess, which even the most rigid campers have had oc- 

 casion to depend on at times. Thus there are nothing but pleas- 

 ant recollections attending tbe generous ta ble of the first two meets 

 at Crosbyside, or the excellent country fare of the Delany farm 

 in 1884, and the more elaborate arrangements of the same table 

 in tbe next two years; while a man is apt to grind his teeth and 

 experience a hollow feeling within at the thought of the very 

 scant provender of 1888. It was intended that the present camp 

 should be a memorable one in this respect, a sort of red-letter 

 affair and so it was; no one will deny that. The big mess tent 

 of 1890 will live long in the anno Is of the A. C. A., it will take a 

 foremost place in the mass of tradition and legend that grows 

 each year besides the camp-fires, and it will furnish a standard 

 of comparison for a long time to come. Like most things, it had 

 its good and bad sides, but unfortunately they were badly dis- 

 tributed; the good was all confined to the camp programme sent 

 out in advance, the bad was on exhibition three times a day 

 during the camp. 



It would be strange if, out of a party of two or three hundred, 

 a few chronic growlers were not always found who find fault 

 with everything and expect the cooking aud service of a first- 

 class city restaurant in tbe woods and at a low price; but as a 

 rule canoeists are not hard to satisfy; plain, subtantial food in 

 plenty is all they wanl ; mere quantity goes a good way in making 

 up for extra quality, aud little points of cleanliness are none too 

 strenuously insisted on. In the present case, however, grumbling 

 and discontent over the mess was general, and it must be ad- 

 mitted with good reason. Not only was the food bad and the 

 prices high compared with previous camps, but at the special re- 

 quest of the committee men had come to camp with no means of 

 cooking for themselves, and relying solely on the promises of a 

 most satisfactory camp mess. 



So far as these expectations were realized, in the first place, the 

 advertised prices were higher than ever before. The rate in the 

 past has been $1 per day, generally a charge of 25 cents for break- 

 fast and supper and 50 cents for dinner, or simply 3 meal tickets 

 for a dollar. In either case a man purchased as many tickets as 

 he wanted, or paid for such meals as he took. In the present case 

 the lowest charge was at the rate of $1 per day, but only on condi- 

 tion that a man paid in full for two weeks, or $14. This of 

 course was not unreasonable, though the man paid for his meals, 

 whether he was absent or not, aud a man is apt to miss a number 

 when racing, sailing or on fishing excursions. From this mini- 

 mum the scale of prices ran up to $1.25 per day for a week and 

 SI. 50 for 1 or 2 days; while single meals were 50 cents for break- 

 last or lunch and 75 cents for dinner. 



This programme, however, was not, fully carried out; men who 

 had paid in advance for a certain time, say 9 days at S1.15, found 

 that when this time was up and they wished to stay a couple of 

 days longer that they were charged the two-day rate, or perhaps 

 50 or 75cts. f or a meal or two. This, of course, simplified the ac- 

 counts, but it was unfair to the men, and has never been done 

 before. There were many who, owing mainly to trouble in reach- 

 ing camp or in getting their duffle, spent part of several days in 

 camp and part at Sag Harbor before taking advantage of the 

 commutation rates, meanwhile paying 50 and 75cts. per meal, or 

 even $1.75 per day. These figures may not seem high to those who 

 spend the season at the legular summer resorts, but they were 

 higher than ever before at a meet, and as it proved, higher than 

 would be inferred from the published scale of prices; but there 

 would have been little complaint on this score had the meals and 

 service been even fairly good; so far from this being too case, 

 however, there was nothing about the whole mess I hat was not 

 conspicuously bad. 



In the first place the catering was very poor, the bill of fare as 

 laid out, was a most unfortunate cross between a plain wholesome 

 camp mess, as managed by a good guiue or camp cook, and a city 

 restaurant. This in itself would not have been so bad, but after 

 the first few days all semblance of this bill of fare disappeared, 

 and the catering was conducted on a sort of go-as-you-please, 

 catch-as-catch-can plan that was simply unbearable. Not only 

 was there an absence of all country produce— fresh eggs, milk 

 and vegetables— but the food provided was positively bad in qual- 

 ity and often scant in quantity. As for the linen of the circular, 

 none was visible, either clean or soiled, and even the supply of 

 cheap paper napkins gave out early in the first week and was 

 never replenished in spite of many promises. The fish and sea 

 food that were expected on salt water were found only in an oc- 

 casional fish ball and a solitary chowder, and the whole menu 

 brought to mind the old biennial song of Yale: 



"The food was not meet for a student, I own; 

 There was not much flesh, but plenty of Bohn." 



Of the service the less said the better, it matched the food. 



The excuses made for this state of affairs were entirely in- 

 adequate; it was claimed that the surrounding country furnished 

 nothing in the way of milk, eggs or farm produce, the limited sup- 

 ply being taken regularly by the hotels at Shelter Island; and also 

 that it was impossible to procure fresh supplies regularly from 

 New York. However true these may be, they in no way account 

 for the bad management that was apparent everywhere about the 

 cooking department. A very good start was made in the first 

 place; during the winter an ice house was built and filled with the 

 small quantity of poor ice that the warm weather afforded, a good 

 frame kitchen was built and most completely fitted up, the tear - 

 ing down of one of Delmonico's restaurants in New York giving 

 an opportunity to procure the ranges, broilers and other appar- 

 atus at a low figure. The. ice venture was a failure, as all melted 

 before summer, but this was a small matter of itself. So far as 

 the committee was concerned, they made every possible effort to 

 secure a good caterer, searching first in the immediate locality 

 and among the hotels, but being unable to find any one who would 

 undertake the mess or the camp store: the final selection was 

 made only after other attempts had failed, aud when it seemed 

 certain that tbe right man had been found. Even then the matter 

 was only closed by the commodore giving a personal guarantee to 

 the caterer that he should lose nothing. It would now 7 appear 

 that there was no counter guarantee, but that both the members 

 aud the commodore were at the mercy of the caterer, the former 

 being very poorly fed in return for very high charges, while the 

 latter is out of pocket to the extent of several hundred dollars on 

 the item of the mess alone. 



The work of finding a competent and responsible caterer is one 

 of exceeding difficulty even in the large cities, and we know of 

 many instances in which the yacht clubs, though paying good 

 prices for the dinners at their regattas, have fared as badly as the 

 canoeists in the present case, andwith no redress. If a fairly good 



table is provided, with plenty of plain camp fare, the caterer can 

 count on the patronage of nearly all the camp: some 200 at least; 

 and on this basis a competent man should be able to make a fair 

 profit. If it is proved that this cannot be done, then the price will 

 nave to be raised; but considering the work of preparation done by 

 the Association, and the very simple nature of the service deman- 

 ded; such board should not cost over $7 per week. 



The present case has taught canoeists one important lesson, not 

 to place themselves entirely in the power of the caterer, whoever 

 he may be. As long as they can and do leave the mess tent as soon 

 as the meals fall below a certain standard, there is a guarautee 

 that the caterer will in part hold to his contract, but when he has 

 the cash in his pocket for two weeks in advance, the less they like 

 his table and tbe more they are forced to depend on the neighbor- 

 ing hotels, the better he will be pleased. The wise canoeist will 

 in the future look out for this by not paying in advance or making 

 auy contract with the mess tent, but by carrying with him his 

 own cooking traps and a few stores in case of need; leaving the 

 mess tent and cooking for himself as soon as the fare is no longer 

 to his taste. Where a man pays in advance, with no guarantee of 

 what he can get, or where, as iu 1888, practically every one went to 

 camp on an uninhabited island, where nothing could be had to eat 

 save at the mess tent, and took nothing with them, they must 

 make up their minds to a repetition of the present experience. 



The only happy ones at the present camp were tne few who 

 cooked for themselves, and who had their plain but clean and sub- 

 stantial meals sweetened by the envious glances of the famished 

 aristocrats who passed by on their return from the Hotel Bave. 

 The best mess in camp, and probably the cheapest, was that of the 

 Gait and Ubique party, in charge of a camp cook, with one large 

 tent as a dining room. By dint of long experience the members 

 of this mess have learned how to fare well in camp at a moderate 

 cost, and in this case brought their cook from Canada and pur- 

 chased a store, of provisions and a small stove in New York. 

 When this plan is followed out by a party of ten or twenty it is 

 far pleasanter than the general mess, aud a good deal better for 

 the same cost; while if desired a more elaborate spread may be 

 had at a small addional outlay. We went iniothe subject of cook- 

 ing in camp very thoroughly in the Forest and Stream of Sept. 

 tj, 1888, and canoeists will find a good many practical hints to aid 

 them in preparing t or next year. Now is the time, when the mat- 

 ter is fresh in mind, to make up a camp kit in readiness to ship at 

 any time to camp. 



In connection with the mess tent is the camp store; this year in 

 a very convenient location, and under a separate management; 

 but the prices charged were very high. As in the case of the mess 

 tent, there was not only no competition for the privilege, but the 

 committee had hard work to find any one who would undertake 

 to run a store. A storekeeper from Sag Harbor finally hroueht 

 over a very good stock and kept open during the entire camp, but 

 his prices were very high, his excuse being that he was under con- 

 siderable expense for a very short time in leaving his regular 

 business in other hands and transporting his stork to camp. This 

 matter of a good camp store is even more important thau the mess; 

 if men can procure supplies in camp, especially milk, eggs, bread, 

 meat and vegetables, they can make out very well in spue of poor 

 meals at the mess tent, but where supplies are not to be had, or 

 where they are sold ouly by the man who runs the mess tent, the 

 canoeist is at his mercy. 



THE DEFINITION OF AN AMATEUR. 



Editor Forest and Stream: 



I have been reading the constitution and by-la wsjof the A. C. A. 

 carefully, to find how a private member can bring before the 

 executive committee any change he may think advisable. Can 

 you give any information ou tms point? The A. C. A. is presumed 

 to I'e composed of amateur sportsmen. In Article II. of the con- 

 stitution it is stated that, "its object.is to unite all amateur canoe- 

 ists," etc., but 1 find no definition of an "amateur canoeist." Nor 

 do 1 find any rule or regulation which would prevent any profes- 

 sional oarsman competing in A. C. A, races. 



1 would like to sec a by-law inserted after Chap. XII. to read as 

 follow s: Chap. XIII. All competitors under A. C. A. auspices shall 

 be confined to amateurs. An amateur is any person who has not 

 competed in any open competition or for a stake, public or ad- 

 mission money or entrance tee; or competed with or against a pro- 

 fessional for a prize; who has never taught or assisted in the pur- 

 suit of any athletic sports as a means of livelihood. Chap. XIV. 

 to read as at present. Omit Chap. XIII. as it is included under 

 Rule XXII. which I wouldlike. to see cnanged to read: No changes 

 in these rules shall be made, unless recommended by the regatta 

 committee, and sanctioned by the executive committee; the pro- 

 posed changes having been published for at least two weeks m 

 one of the official organs of the Association before alteration. Any 

 Changes made subsequent to May 1, shall not take effect until 

 the following year. J. N. McKbndrick. 



Galt, Canada. 



[There is no way specified by which a member may offer an 

 amendment, but one of the executive committee from his Division 

 would seem to be the natural medium. A definition of an 

 amateur is certainly needed, but we have never yet seen one that 

 was in any way perfect. The amendment to Rule XXII, is likely 

 to be offered at the coming meeting, as the need for it is mast ap- 

 parent.] 



BROOKLYN O. C— The Brooklyn C. C. has laid out the follow- 

 ing series of entertainments during the coming winter: A talk 

 on "Bends and Hitches," by Messrs. Ward and Wintrin«ham, 

 a "canoe mess" prepared in camp style, and a lecture by a doctor 

 canoeist, on the subject of simple remedies for use in cruising 

 and camping. The annual dinner will be held on Jan. 12 and a 

 reception Feb. 25. 



RUTHERFORD C. C— C. P. Bellchambers has been elected 

 captain in place of O, W. Baiu, resigned. F. E. McLees is at 

 work on a 10ft. paddling canoe. 



Partner Wanted.— Partner wanted in an old established 

 skiff and canoe tactory. Amount of capital not so material, as a 

 man with the necessary experience and qualifications capable of 

 taking entire charge of the manufacturing and management of 

 the whole business, as present partners (two! reside at a distance 

 and are unable to take any active interest in it. Address Skiffs, 

 care Forest, and Stream office. New York.— Adv. 



lnmv&[8 to ^amspandmts. 



pF" No Notice Taken, of Anonymous Correspondents. 



W. Evans.— On Staten Island robins may be killed from Nov. 1 

 to Jan. 1; highholders not at any time; raDbits, Nov. 1 to Feb. U 



L. K., Brooklyn, N. Y.— Being an interested, reader of your 

 paper I would like to ask you where I could exchange a well-bred 

 water spaniel bitch, house broken and to retrieve, for a good rab- 

 bit hound, which must be well broken to rabbits. Ans. You had 

 better advertise, as we do not know of any one who would be will- 

 ing to exchange. 



<§£w ffnbticafiang. 



Handbooks of Athletic Sports— Edited by Ernest Bell. Vol. I. 



—Cricket, Lawn Tennis, Tenuis, Rackets, Fives, Golf, 'Hookey. 



Vol. II.— Rowing and Sculling, Sailing, Swimming. New 



York: Scribtier & Welford. $3 per volume. 

 This is a series of works on athletic sports, written by the first 

 authorities on each subject, profusely illustrated, and distin- 

 guished throughout by thoroughness and intelligence ■■ if treat- 

 ment. They belong to the long and world famous Bonn's Libra- 

 ries; and should find a place in the library of every healthy 

 youngster. 



Pre-Historic America.— By the Marquis do Nadaillac. Trans- 

 lated by N. D'Anvess. Edited by W. H. Dall. With 219 illus- 

 trations. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. 

 The publishers have rendered a distinct service to students of 

 American arcbseology by supplying this translation of the Mar- 

 quis de Nadalllac's well- work 1,'Ameriqw Prehistorique, first pub- 

 lished eight years ago. Several of the chapters nave been revised', 

 much new material has been added, and the illustrations are 

 numerous and interesting. Who were tne Mound Builders and 

 who the Cliff Dwellers? The author declares that they were 

 Americans, Indians, descendants of soma Eastern raoe; for Asi8^ 

 was the cradle whence came the first men who peopled this 

 continent, 



