446 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



[Dec. 18, 1890. 



would be taken in crossing the bows of any vessel a t. anchor. The 

 fact that-sue was followiag the course safely tabeu, at a reason- 

 able distance from the markboat, by compatiasr yaclits which had 

 preceded her, would be evidence in favor of a boat. 



In regard to the liability of the committee, in the third ques- 

 tion, it must be. bound by t.he acts of its agents, even though it 

 has acted in good faith and to the best of its judgment, and lias 

 used the best means available Co secure the correct m wing of the 

 mark:*. It seems perfectly plain that a yacht should not be pen- 

 alized in any way through the error of a boatman which has 

 caused her to commit a foul. 



In answer to the fifth question we should say that with a light 

 chain, or even a rope cable, it should bs possible to moor the boat 

 inquesiion with a. shorter scope so as to avoid any special danger 

 of fouling, and certainly to give the same opportunities to every 

 competing boat. 



From the statement of the ca«e the mooring line was a very 

 light straw rope, that swung much nearer the surface than a 

 man ilia cable, and wafl the prime cause of the trouble; the weak- 

 ness of the rope probably necessitating a long scope in addition. 

 The blame for this probably rests with the boatman, but he does 

 not appear in the case at all, the only interested parties are the 

 regatta committee on the one hand and the fouling yacht on the 

 other: s,nd between these two, if it be admitted that the foul was 

 caused by improper mooring, there can be no question that the 

 responsibility rests with the committee. From the facts as stated, 

 and from the diagram accompanying them, it appears to us that 

 the yacht was not to blame, she came from under the stern of the 

 mark boat, at a reasonable distance from it, and in the course 

 safely taken by pr< ceding vessels, and she was justified in as- 

 suming that the course was clear for her, as it had been for them. 



We recall no question of the kind which has arisen here, but 

 there are few records of decisions in this country- In Great 

 Britain all important questions g > on appeal to the Ya<iht. Racing 

 Association, and the records of tnat body for the past 15 years 

 contain a number of decisions. Fortunately protests are not 

 very plentiful here, hut a body of this kind, which could decide 

 all such questions as might arise is already needed. 



A very similar question to this is likely to arise at some time in 

 the Larch moot Y. C. In the frequent races of this club four or 

 five oyster eJorps are used as marii boats, answering the purpose 

 very well; the men are regularly employed and know what is ex- 

 pected of them, and tnus far, out of a great many races sailed, 

 we know of no trouhle on this account. At the same time it is 

 highly probable that sooner or later, through the presence of a 

 stranger or the carelessness of a regular man, a markboat may 

 be misplaced or improperly moored. In such a case no blame 

 would attach to the committee, as they employed the regular 

 means of marking the cour.se, but at, the same time the result of 

 the race would probably be open to question. 



One point in this connection that is likely to make trouble is 

 the practice of the sloop men mooring two or three small boats in 

 a string astern. A racing yacht, perhaps in a crowd, as often 

 happens at the first mark, rounds the markboat with room to 

 clear her, but finds at the last moment a string of two or three 

 small boats in the course. Under such circumstances we believe 

 that the yacbt could not be disqualified for fouling a boat at- 

 tached to a markboat, but it would be well to have an under- 

 standing in advance as to the rights of a yacht in such a case. 



Another question of rounding marks has lately agitated the 

 sailor men of the Seawanhaka Corinthian Y. C, and for a number 

 of nights the discussion as to who fouled who was warmly waged 

 at the club aoiiBR. Ton facts were as follows, the positions being 

 shown in Figuie2: Two prominent racing men of the club, one 

 representing Hie 40ft., and the other the 30ft. class, repaired to 

 Tuxedo late in the season, their yachts being laid up, and sought 

 the danger and excitement of yacht racing in the chromatic va- 

 garies which float on the bosom of Tuxedo Lake. These beautiful 

 craft are all of one molel, nearly one beam to length, and cat 

 rigged, being distinguished solely by their varied hues, one being 

 the red boat, one the blue, etc. 



Mr. Thirty-footer, who may be called A, sailed one boat alone, 

 and Mr. Forty-footer, B, sailed another. The two were close on 

 the wind for a mark, A to windward, but B having an unques- 

 tioned overlap. A was fetching the mark easily, but B was to lee- 

 ward as they neared it, and could not clear it as he was heading. 

 He claims, however, and it was conceded by the other side for the 

 sake of argument, that he could have made a "pilot's luff" follow- 

 ing the course h, ft, ft, and gone to wind ward of the mark, had not 

 A been close on his weather. Rule XXXIV. of the Seawanhaka 

 C. Y. C, Sec. 13, reads as follows: "If an overlap exists between 

 two yachts when both of them without tacking are about to pass 

 a mark on the required side, then the outside yacht must give the 

 inside yacht room to pass clear of the mark." With this in mind 

 B hailed A for room to make his "pilot's luff," but was met with a 

 very pointed refusal, following which B luffed and struck A. Of 

 course a protest resulted, giving rise to the question who fouled 

 who. 



The points involved seem so clear as to leave no grounds for B.'s 

 view. This was, as we understand it, that in the first place the 

 terms rounding and passing apply only when the mark is bearing 

 abeam, and that until this position is reached the operation of the 

 rule does not begin. As it is conceded that, though quite close to 

 the mark, neither was as yet abreast of it, the claim is mme that 

 the rule quoted does not apply to the case, and tbat a yacht must 

 have an overlap on the mark before she is entitled to the rights 

 secured to her by Sec. 13. Further than this, it is contended that, 

 as a matter of equity. A has a good berth and B a correspondingly 

 poor one, and mat no rule would be made to reverse these posi- 

 tions, giving all the advantage to B at the expense of A. 



The first claim we consider a very poor one, the only support it 

 has is the title, "Passing and Rounding," which is construed, as 

 above stated, to apply only to the actual turning of a mark. This 

 subject is treated at some length in Kemp's "Yacht and Boat Sail- 

 ing-" under the title "Approaching a mark for rounding," which 

 is obviously the correct wording, and one that if adopted would 

 prevent any such discussion. The object of the section is to secure 

 certain rights to boat which is as yet close to a mark, but not 

 actually passing it, as by the time the mark bears abeam from her 

 it will be too late for the rule to have any effect; she will have been 

 forced inside of the mark or be in actual collision with the other 

 vessel. 



Applied to the case at point, it is claimed by A tha^ the mark 

 had not been reached, that as it did not. bear abeam from either 

 vessel neither was "about to round," and that practically they 

 were sailing in the open and A was not forced to consider the 

 mark as yet. This being the case there is no rule which permits 

 the leeward boat to hail for room and perhaps force the other 

 about. Looking at the common sense of the rule, which is a very 

 old one and used by all clubs, if it is to have any effect at ail it 

 must come into operatio n shortly before the mark is reached, at 

 some distance which cannot be laid down in feet or furlongs, but 

 which is clearly understood by racing men. For instance, B on 

 nearing the mark sees that while he has an overlap, and is en- 

 titled to a clear passage from A, he will be shut off from the mark 

 and forced inside it in a very short time. He hails A in season to 

 be heard and for A to luff and give him room before he, R, is in 

 actual danger of fouling the buoy. 



Just when this time is, and how far away B must be when he 

 hails, is a matter for his judgment, as in most other points of sail- 

 ing. If he calls for room som=4 time before the mark is neared, A 

 will refuse to give it, as B has no right to it merely to worK to 

 windward in; but if, on the other hand, B waits until he is close 

 on the mark, it will be then too late for A to lutt and for him to 

 follo w, and he goes against or inside the mark. If B hails in 

 proper season, A must give him room to pass clear so long as B 

 can do this without filling away on the other tack. The facts that 

 A is compelled, as he considers very unjustly, to give no an advan- 

 tage he may have gained by better sailing; that he may be com- 

 pelled to lose time by taciiing in order to give room, while his 

 opponent, does not tack; or that B cannot go clear with a good full 

 or even by nipping close, but must shoot in stays in making his 

 "pilot's luff," do not affect the case in the least. B's rights are 

 limited only on the one hand by the buoy, which he must not 

 touch, and on the other hand by his filling away on the other tack, 

 which is forbidden by the rule quoted. As long as he does neither, 

 he can pass the buoy in any way he pleases. If, however, B calls 

 for room and A gives it, and then in making his luff B fills away 

 on the other tack, he can be protested by A for wrongfully com- 

 pelling the latter to alter .his course. 



I f . may make the ease clearer to consider B's position alone, A 

 being at some distance away. With clear water about the mark 

 B conies for and makes his "pilot's luff" on the course ft, ft, ft, 

 going by without fouling and immediately filling away on his 

 original tack. This he has a perfect right to do, and if while 

 doing it A comes up to wind ward of him, and a foul ensues, A will 

 be at fault. If neither boat can weather the mark, or if A can 

 weather and B cannot, then B lias no redress, but must tack under 

 A's stern or be forced inside the mark. 



The main point is that the rule comes into operation some time 

 befor". the boats are actually abreast, of the mark, long enough to 

 allow time for B to hail for room and A to give it in season to pre- 

 vent B fouling the mark. In making this point clearer the rule 

 or section should properly be entitled }t AppVQ(Whfn.g a mark for 

 passing or rounding." which would give no grounds for such 

 claims as have bseu made in this case. If the rule can in any way 

 be interpreted by sailor men as giving A a right to hold his course 

 until he is squarely abreast of the mark, then its usefulness has 

 departed, and had better be. dropped overboard. 



NAPHTHA LAUNCHES. 



THE Oas Engine and Power Co. are busy at their extensive 

 works at Morris Dock. K. Y., and in addition to their regular 

 open launches have lately turned out several novel craft. One of 

 these is a 40ft. l.w.l. cruising cabin iauncn, for Charleston, S. C. 

 The boat is of handsome model, with a long cabin house containing 

 a large cabin, pilot himse, toilet room, w. e. in separate compart- 

 ments, pantry and galley, aul refrigerator and ice chest. The 

 whole house is lighted by large windows along each side. The 

 after end of house, for a length of about 7ft., is given up to four 

 companments, with a central passage from cabin to engine space. 

 To s^arbiard on the forward side is ttis w. c, abaft it being 

 the compact little pantry and galley with oil stove. To port is a 

 toilet, room, with dressing case, across the passage from the w. c , 

 while abaft it and opposite the galley is the ice box. The joiner 

 work is most elaborate, the finish being quartered oak, which with 

 handsome curtains and hangings makes a very luxurious interior. 

 The motive power is a 10 H. P. engine placed in the stern. The 

 boat makes a perfect cruiser of the type under discussion in our 

 columns some time since. 



Another cruiser of a different type is now in frame, a 35ft. 

 auxiliary, similar to the Etcetera, but of improved model. She 

 will be fitted for a long cruise, being built for parties on the Great 

 Lakes, who will cruise west from New York next season. The 

 engine will be 10 H.P., and she will in addition have a yawl rig. A 

 keel with a small lead steadier has been added for sailing. The 

 cabin is rather small and well forward, leaving a large cockpit in 

 which the party of four intend to spend much of their time in 

 summer, using an awning. Another new craft is intended for 

 pilot service about Wilmingtou, N. C, and is 35ft. over all, 6ft. 

 beam, and with a 3 H. P. engine will make "Yz miles per hour. She 

 is decked over for 12ft. from stem, with an open cockptt aft. 

 Sleeping accommodation for two men is found below. 



The first paddle boat built for a naphtha engine has just been 

 tried at the works, a stern wheeler 27ft. long and 6ft. 6m. beam, 

 for the U. S. Government, to be used iu the improvements of 

 Mobile Harbor. The regular naphtha eugine is located aft, witn 

 a second short shaft parallel to and about 2fc. above it. The two 

 are geared by means of sprocket wheels and chain, the regular 

 bicycle gearing. The upper shaft carries a bevel gear which en- 

 gages with a similar gear on a main shaft extending across the 

 stern of the boat on projecting arms, and carrying two ordinary 

 paddle wheels of 4ft. dram, side by side. The boat will draw only 

 about 12in., and promises to give a fair rate of speed. The new 10 

 H. P. engine has proved a most useful size, and several are being 

 fitted to oyster hoats along the Long Island shore. The boats have 

 proved very useful, as they carry a load forward, and at the same 

 time can be used for towing a fleet of sailing sloops in a calm. 

 The steam yachts Tillie and Oneida are laid up at the company's 

 aocks, where both are being overhauled. 



PROGNOSTICATIONS. 



QOME twenty years since, Yale College issued a famous "Nau- 

 k3 gh-tical Almanac," not uuder the direction of Prof. Loomis, 

 but containing a good deal of student wit, partly in the form of 

 prognostications after the manner of the ancient almanacs. 

 Without pretending to the gift of prophesy, but relying only on 

 experience in the past, we venture a few similar forecasts that 

 may interest yachtsmen. 



Dec. 20-31.— About this time look out for numerous challenges. 



Jan. 1-10.— Several Englisn, Irish, Scotch and Australian million- 

 aires order 90ft. center board yachts from Watson, Fife, Reeks, etc. 



Jan. 15-30.— Messrs. Gardner, B a rgess and Smith receive many 

 orders for 90ft. sloops. 



Feb. 1-15— Lookout for alleged "lines" of challenger. 



Feb. 15-28.— Exposure of deep-laid plot of Watson or Fife to 

 capture America's Cup. 



And after all, there will be no Cap race this year. 



ICE YACHTING. -The promise of a cold winter, for the first in 

 several years in the latitude of New York, has awakened the ever 

 hopeful ice yachtsman, and he is again alert, and ready for a race. 

 The Scud is on hand, as usual, to represent, the Shrewsbury 

 yachtsmen, the Orange Lake Cluo has a new flyer, t.he Lady of 

 the Lake, owned by Com. Higginson, 51ft. long and 760Ct. of can- 

 vas, while the Hudson River, Ndwburg and Like Caamplain 

 clubs are making prepara'ions for early races. On Dec. 9 the 

 Orange Lake I. Y C. elected the following officers: Corn., H. C. 

 Higginson; Vice-Corn, Dr. Willet.t Kidd; Se^'y, Cap". W. EL 

 Smith; Treas., Gardiner Van Nojtrand: Mias., Charles A. Dixon. 

 The secretary seated that the challenges of the Carthage Laud- 

 ing and the Shrewsbury vTacht clubs, to comoete for tin Gardi- 

 ner Van Nostrand challenge cup of America, would stand over 

 from last year, the races not having Oeeo sailed. 



BERNARD WEYMOUTH.— On Nov. 25 Mr. Bernard Wey- 

 mouth, secretary to Lloyd's Register, known to yachtsmen 

 through the handsome and complete Yacht Register which has 

 grown up under his able management, died very suddenly while 

 addressing the committee. Mr. Weymouth had" been connected 

 with Lloyds since 1854. He was a naval architect and had de- 

 signed several yachts, and in his capacity as chief surveyor and 

 afterward as secretary he has done much to promote the interests 

 of yachting, taking an active part in the establishment of the 

 Yacht Register, and framing the rules for wood and iron yachts. 



DOTJGL ASTON Y. 0.— An organizition which will be known 

 as the Douglaston Y. C, with club house and headquarters at 

 Douglaston, L. I., on the famous Little Neck Bay, was formed on 

 Dec. 8, with a membership of 35 and fleet of 20 yacht and naphtha 

 launches. The club will go into commission about May 10, and 

 intends giving several cup races during the season, to which the 

 principal yacht clubs will be invited. The following gentlemen 

 were elected to office: Com., W. O. Newman, sloop Ada; Vice- 

 Corn., G. A. Corry, sloop Mai: Rear-Corn.. Fred A. Parsons, steam 

 yacht Gipsy; Sec'y, A. Ducret; Treas., R. Sperry; Meas., H. Ely; 

 Board of D, rectors, Rowland Leavitt, Jabez Harris, William 

 Corry, John Harway, William Benz. 



FIXTURES FOR 1891.— It is none to soon now for the selection 

 of dates for next year, a calendar and tide table are easily had, 

 and the first in the field have the choice of dates. As soon as they 

 are decided on they should be made public, as a guide to other 

 clubs, and we shall be glad to have e'irly notice of all fixtures. 

 The racing season will be opened by t.he Biscayne Bay Y. C. with 

 its annual regatta on Feb. 32, at. its station, Biscayne Bay, Florida. 

 The only other dates yet announced are those of the Lake Yacht 

 Racing Association: Hamilton July 14, Toronto, Royal Canndian 

 July 16, Queen City Y. C. July 17, Rochester July 20, Oswego 

 July 23. 



THE SCHOONER RECORD.— We were in error in regard to 

 the winners in the schooner class in the Larchmont annual re- 

 gatta. We are i nf ormed that the protest lodged by Azalea against 

 Gevalia on the ground that her helmsman was a professional, was 

 allowed by the committee, as was a counter protest, by Gevalia 

 against Azalea for carrying a professional in her crew. This 

 gives Lotus first prize instead of third place, and alters the totals 

 somewlutt, making Lotus's record 1 start and 1 first prize: Azalea's 

 4 starts and 3 firsts, and Gevalia's 3 starts and 1 first. 



SEAWANHAKA CORINTHIAN Y. C— The lecture committee 

 have announced the following entertainments for the winter, the 

 first of which was given last night: Dec. 17.— Music, etc. Jan. 27. 

 —The use of electricity on vessels with a practical explanation of 

 tttfi principles involved, the applicatiou and the terms in common 

 use. Feb. 3.— Annual club dinner. March 10.— What can be seen 

 in the night sky from the deck of a yacht and how to see it. 



BISCAYNE BAY Y. C— We have received the year book of 

 this club for 1891 from Secretary Munroe. The club has now 18 

 members and 19 yachts. The officers are: Com., R. M. Munroe; 

 Vice-Corn., T. F. Hine; Sec'y, C. K. Munroe; Treas., W.H.Browne: 

 Meas., Jean de Hedouville. The annual regatta will beheld on 

 Feb. 23. 



CORINTHIAN NAVY.— On Dec. 11 Com. Center, Seawanhaka 

 Corinthian Y. C, entertained the members of the Corinthian Navy 

 with a very interesting talk on the care of yachts, laying up and 

 fitting out. his remarks being practical and very much to the 

 point. 



TIGRESS— Owen Fargusson has sold his new 35-footer to 

 James Weir, owner of Hypatia. 



WINDWARD, schr., has been sold by George Duryea to A W 

 Seweli tor $6,000. 



mww L 8 to (^amspottdmte. 



No Notice Taken of Anonymous Correspondents. 



C. P., B ->ston, Mass.— Take the .40-60. 



S. T., Philadelphia.— Toe Pennsylvania deer season closed last 

 Monday, Dec. 15. 



F. M. H.-Wb have not the dimensions you ask for. The plans 

 are not quite accurate, but were made as nearly as possible to 

 scale. 



D. B., Toronto.— The sneakbox was described in issue of Jan. 7, 

 1888, but you will find a number of designs in "Canoe and Boat 

 Building for Amateurs." 



H. D. W. Andover, Mass.— Will you please tell me, through your 

 nextisme if you can, where I c sm get some good hare shooting 

 near New York city? Ans. Long Island is full of hares. Goto 

 Central Islip or Smithtown or some station in that neighborhood. 

 Much of the land is protected, but there is considerable free 

 range. 



G. B., New York.— Would you kindly inform me where I could 

 get some quail shooting in the vicinity of the city— I mean down 

 near Jamaica or some points on Long Island or near by? You can 

 also let me know, please, where there can be had any shooting at 

 present. Ans. There is practically no free shooting on Long Island 

 now. It is nearly all preserved for clubs. Sou had better write 

 to Joe Reynolds, Katonah, N. Y. He is said f o have good quail 

 and ruffed grouse shooting. 



C. A., Hamilton, Ont.— I am recommended to you for informa- 

 tion about fishcultnre. I have completed a pond— an acre— and as 

 it is fed by springs in the bottom I think 1 can raise trout, but 

 would like to do so under best possible conditions as to depth of 

 water, shade, shelter, gravel in bottom, aquatic plants, etc. Can 

 you recommend me an author or send me printed information? 

 Ans. We have for sale several works on fishculture, two of which, 

 are especially devoied to the trout. "Trout Culture," by Slack, 

 and "Domesticated Trout," by Stone. Both of these contain de- 

 tailed information concerning the laying out of ponds and the 

 rearing of trout. 



W. H. P., Memphis, Mich.— Ans. 1. Eels are caught in great 

 numbers in many places along the east coast. In Great South 

 Bay, L. I., they are very common and grow large. The same is 

 true in most of the shallow bays of tne coast. The mouths of 

 rivers falling into Chesapeake Bay are celebrated for the size and 

 numbers of their eels. Address V. N. Edwards, Woods Holl, 

 Mass., or Liwis B. Thurber, Patchogue, Long Island, N. Y., who 

 can furnish the skins or informition where to get them. Any of 

 the fish dealers in Fulton Market, New York city, E. G. Blackford 

 and Midrlleton, Carman & Co. could no doubt place your order in 

 proper hands. 2. The firm that sells the thermometers are re- 

 sponsible people. There is no book on beagle training. 4. We 

 can supply "The Trees of Northeastern America" and "Training 

 for Strength, Speed and Agility." 5. It has been said that the 

 Colts have acquired the right to the Giffard gun in this country. 



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