May 14, 1891.] 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



S41 



Secretaries of canoe clubs are requesl ed to send to Forkst and 

 Stream their addresses, with name, membersliip, signal, etc., of 

 their clubs, and also notices in advance of meetings and raoes, and 

 report of the same. Canotnsts and all ini;erested iji canocins,' are 

 requested to forward to Fohkst and Stream their addresseg, witli 

 logs of cruises, maps, and information coneerniriLC their local 

 waters, drawings or descriptiona of boats and fittinscs, and all 

 Items relating to the sport. 



AMERICAN CANOE ASSOCIATION. 



Officers, is;)0-91. 

 Commodore: Walter TJ. Lawsos, Boston, Mass. 



SEOHKTART-TnEASirRER: EiU,pH F. Bit.izER, 4T Central gti-eet, Lowell, Mass. 

 Regatta CoianTTEB: J. A. Gage, Lowell, Mass.; W. (J. MacKendi'lcli, 

 Toronto; L. B. Palmer, Newark, N. J. 



CENTRAL DIVISION. 

 Officers: 



ViCK-CoM.: C.V.Wlnup, Albany, N.T. 

 Reap.-Com.: T. p. Gadciis, Daiton, O. 

 Purser: Howard Brown, Albany,lsrY 

 Ex. Com.: J. K. Bakewell and H. M. 

 Stewart. 



EASTERN DIVISION. 

 Officers: 



NORTHERS DIV^aION. 



Officen^: 



Viob-Com.: W. H. Cotton. Kingston. 

 Rear-Com.: J. 0. Ed\vai-ds, Lindsay. 

 PtTRSER: C. E. L. Porteous, Kingstoii. 

 Ex. Com,: Colin Eraser und E. H. 

 Gisbornc. 



ATLANTIC DIVISION. 



Office,'^: 



VicE-Coa.: I. V. Dorluud. Arlington. 

 Rear COM : E.D. Anderson, Trenton. 

 Puhsbr: Rich'd Hobart, Newark N.J. 

 Ex. Com.: H. L. Quick and H M. 

 Kreamer. 



Purser: R. Apollouio, Winchester. 

 Ex. Com.: Paul Butler. E. S. Towne 

 and Sidney Bishop. 



Applications tor menioership must be mad 

 panled by the recommendation of an active i 

 for enti'ance fee and dues for oui-rent vear. i 

 the general A. C. A. camp shall pay 31.00 for can 

 sent to the Sec'y-Treas. wUi beforwarded by him , 



Persons residing m any Division and wishing to beL„...^ „ ^, , 



the A. C. A., will be fin-niahea with printed forms of aiU'lleutiou bj addres! 

 lug the Purser. 



t(i dlvisjon pursers, aeeom- 

 ■iidKH- iind the sum of $2.1)0 

 Every member attendins 

 ip expense?. AppUeation 

 to the proper Division. 



WESTERN CANOE ASSOCIATION. 



Commodore— D. H. Crane, Chicago. 111. 



Vice-Commodore— N. B. Cook, Chicago, 111. 



Rear-Commodore- O. A. Woodruff, D.ivton, O. 



Secretaiy-Treasurer— J H.Ware, lAT Bialto Building, Chicasro, lU. 



Applications for membership should be made to the Seo.-Treas., on blanks 

 Which may be obtained from htm, and should be accompanied by §2 as 

 Initiation fee and dues for the cm-rent year. 



FIXTURES. 



MAY. 



16. lanthe. Spring, Wood^lde. 30-31. SpringSeld Meet, Calla 



Shasta. 



JUNE. 



6, Hoisting Sail Competition, 20. New York, Sandy Hook Race 

 Brooklyn. 20. Marine & Field, Open, Bath 



6. Tonkers, Annual, Yonkers. Beach. 



13. New York, Atanual, S. I. 87. Rrooklyn, Ann., Bay Ridge. 

 18. Rochester, Spring Regatta, — . lanthe. Spring, Passaic Riv. 

 Irondequoit Bay. 



.ruLY. 



9. Rochester, Sailing Trophy, 23. Rochester, Sailing Trophy, 



IrondequoitBay. Irondequoit Bay. 



11-26. W. C. A. Meet, Ballast 

 Island. 



AUGUST. 



6-37. A. C. A. Meet, Lake Cham- 27. Rochester, Sailing Trophv, 

 plain. Irondequoit Bay. 



SEPTEMBER, 



.'). Orange, Ann., Passaic River. 10. Rochester, Fall Regatta, 



7. lanthe, Ann,, Passaic River. Irondequoit Bay. 

 7. lanthe. Annual, Woodside. 



AMERICAN AND ENGLISH SAILS. 



THE Field comments on the great sail question as follows: but 

 while its remarks are in the main correct, it is not quite the 

 fact that the balance lug has merely gone out of fashion. Tliis 

 sail was very thoroughly tested by several good sai ora before 

 they abandoned it for other forms of hoisting rigs, nor were their 

 conclusions in the least altered by the very handsome suit of 

 sails on Nautilus in 1880, or those of Pearl and Charm in that year 

 and '88. We believe that the cnost desirable rig for a canoe, no 

 matter what the shape of the sails may be, is that formerly in use; a 

 mainsail and mizzen, the latter from a tliird to a half the size of 

 the former; but it is very doubtful whether this rig is quHe as fast 

 as the new fashion, with a very large mizzen, and no doubt at all 

 thai the English rig as on Charm, a large mainsail and a mere 

 rag of a mizzen, cannot compete with either of the others. 

 The Field says: 



Those who are posted up to date in all that takes place in 

 canoeing, not only in England, but al*o in America, are at present 

 iLquirirtg for enlightenment in regard to the peculiar difference 

 of opinion manifested in America and England as to "rig," lu 

 America, where the canoes number hundreds to our unds, the 

 balance lug has disappeared f i om the racing course, and almost 

 so from the cruising fleet, whereas in England, in both racing 

 and cruising, there is hardly a rig other than the l alatice lug to be 

 found. Of cotirse, mere numbers, such as the hundreds of 

 American canoes, may mean nothing particular as to merit or de- 

 merit of a rig or model, for the reason that where one espert racer 

 carries and is anccessful with a panicular form of sail or model, 

 away run the hundred novices and a few beaten experts in his 

 wake and copy him as nearly as possible. The balance lug has 

 never had a really good show in America, so far as we know. In 

 1886— the date when the first stantling rig cante out— a large num- 

 ber of American canoe.« appeared at the A. C. A. meet rigged 

 with more or less balance lugs, but none ot these, nor of those 

 since, are of the perfect cut, sit and rig \vhioh i.s now becoming 

 general among the Enerlish racing canoeists. Tlie reason probably 

 is that the standing sail, all abaft the mast, and permanently 

 laced thereto and spread out by laths in hems, having won the 

 prize, the leaders of fashion, that is to say the expert racers, ran 

 off in that direction to obtain what they term "fast sails." and 

 dropped the balance lug bffore they had really tried it. The re- 

 sult is, that all the American racers sail with absft-the-mast 

 sails; some laced standing, others lowerable, and some reefable. 



In England, on the other hand, things have been done in John 

 Bull style, and slowly each kind of rig has been tried and varied 

 and retired. 



Nautilus, since 1886, when she returned from her American rac- 



ing, has—that is to say, her yearly replacing sisters have— tried 

 and raced under four distinct breeds or types of abaft-the-masfc 

 sails, and three suits differently fitted and cut balance lugs. 



Atalanta and Birdie, Severn (now the Stella) and several others 

 have been fitted with ' batters" of various cuts and fitting. Others, 

 such as Charm. Vanessa, Whiz and Stella (all prize winners), 

 meantime sticking to balance lugs. 



Rightly or wroiigly, the verdict in England, thtis far, is decidedly 

 in fa\ or of balance lug mainsails. 



Another curious point about American sail plans is the steady 

 growth of size of mizens. From the old type of some 15ft. area 

 they have grown to equal rizh with rnaiusati, and the latest devel- 

 opment is that the luizen has ousted the mainsail and usurped its 

 name, and chauued the forward sail into "foresail." In more 

 than one ranoe last year tlie larger sail was the after one, and 

 appareTitly with such good result that new canoes are being built 

 to he thus rigged, and old ones altered. For many and good 

 reasons it is =,afc (o say that such a sail plan would, as far as our 

 pxpsrienco goc:?, lip dangerous, unhatidy, and unsuccessful in 

 English wfiKis aucl Eueliah racing. This plan was exhaustively 

 Tried on the Kauliliia in 1879, that canoe having a peculiar deep 

 draft aft. The rig was discarded in 1879, but was again tried in 

 improved fotm lu IS*. lu this Nautilus, which had bilge drop 

 kei'ls right at mid-length, and therefore needed a lot of after sail, 

 the mainmast was stepped about 1ft. forward of mid-lengih, 

 whereon a balance lug of Rift, was set. Right forward at the 

 stetti a small inast cariied a "laiteen" of 25ft. area, setting and 

 looking vi ry much as a .lib would look, but more effective and 

 easier to manage. Speed tinder this rig no doubt was improved, 

 bui i!s irdierent difficulty to handle and danger in ptiffy strong 

 biei zes w,i,s such that, thongh it remained for some time more 

 ti sling and refiiting, it was condemned for English canoe sailing. 



One word more, however, /c "bafters," as we now call abaft- 

 thc-tnast rigs, compured with balance lugs; there is no doubt the 

 batter rig is very handy, and makes an excellent cruising rig, has 

 less .gear, and gives less rigging and stowing work than balance 

 lugs, and is a safer rig in squally weather. 



WHO ARE THEY?— "Rumor is again about that three Ameri- 

 can raciiiii men intend to visit England with their canoes this 

 season. We have heard this before, but sincerely hone it may at 

 last be true, •■ukI that \ve may this season see racing between the 

 American t> pt- .'ind the English— the former to be sailed by Ameri- 

 cans. The American type of canoe we have, and have had, but 

 possibly not sailed in American 'get-there' style. The new Ata- 

 lanta is decidedly Am'^rican in type, but owing to club restrictions 

 forbidding sliditig-out deck seats and unlimited nail, she cannot 

 be stalled at preseat in the cttp match in such fashion. Neverthe- 

 less there are good judges who believe th.at in our English weather 

 the American th er would not 'get there' hrst nor even second."— 

 Fifld._ We have heard of no American canoeists who are likely 

 to visit England; in fact, all of the crack sailors are preparing for 

 a speciallylively season at home. 



NORTHERN DIVISION MEET.— The ment of the Northern 

 Division will be held on Jacob's Island, Pigeon Lake, county of 

 Peierhoro, f rout July 15 to 27. The proposed cruising meet on 

 Georgian Bay has been abandoned. 



RED DRAGON C. C— The Red Dragon C. C, after beine twice 

 burned out at ( ''amdcn, is now building a club house at Brides- 

 burg, on the Philadelphia side of the Delaware, half a dozen miles 

 above the city. 



A. C. A. MEMBERSHIP.—Eastern Division: Frank Hempstead, 

 Norwich, Conn. Northern Division: J. D. Holbrooke, Ottawa; 

 W. A. Davis, Bobcaygeon. Atlantic Division: John J. Bockee, 

 New York. 



]t^^ jNo Kotice Taken of Anonymoas Correspondents. 



H. B.— For the desired revolver ammunition write to the manu- 

 facturers direct. 



E. C, (Quebec— An advertisement in onr columns would no 

 doubt briug you the required answer. We do not know of one. 



F. H. F., Boston. — The conditions for the revolver preliminary 

 competition are set forth on the targets, which we send to all 

 applicants free. The ,32cal. revolver will be allowed. 



H. O. R., Lynn.— The .33-100-20 will not do the execution of this 

 38-180-40; and for bear hunting you should choose the latter. If 

 most of your shooting is to be on smaller game, the .83 will do 

 equally as well, 



D. M. Ft., New York City.— Can you tell me a good trainer for a 

 Chesapeake Bay dog or water spaniel? I want him to have a good 

 education in that kind of shooting. Ans. We do not know of one, 

 but perhaps Mr. Harry Malcolm, of Baltimore, Md., could tell you. 



P. D., Lmg Branch, N. J.— Kindly give through your columns 

 the breeding and registry number of Bronze, English setter doe, 

 imported by Pierre Lorillard. Ans. We can find no record of such 

 a dog. He was not registered. Write to Percy C. Ohl, 50 Broad- 

 way, New Yoik city. 



S. J. L., Bessemer, Mich.— Please inform me whether a person 

 will be allowed to shoot with a Stevens gallery pistol in the re- 

 volver contest. What is the most popular rifle for 200yds. target 

 shooting? What caliber revolver would yon recommend for SOyds. 

 target shooting? Ans. 1. No, the eompetion is limited to revolv- 

 ers. 2. Caliber .44 or .15. 3. The .11 is much used by experts. 



O. R. W., Louisiana.— Will it result in an injury to a heavily 

 choked shotgun to shoot buckshot that chamber m the shell but 

 are badly battered in coming f rt m the muzzle? Ans. Yes, the 

 buckshot sh.ould be chambered for the choke. This is done by in- 

 serting a wad at the point of constriction and laying the shot on 

 it to determine the proper number for each layer. 



L. W., New York.— Would you tell me through vour answers to 

 correspondentH or otherwise: 1 What siz'^ line and how much of 

 it should be nsed for black bass bait fishing; also, 3. What size 

 and make of hooks should be used for same. 3. Which is the best 

 rod, a six or an eight-Btrip split-bamboo, made as directed by Dr. 

 Henshall? Ans. 1. SizeE, double tapered, waterproof braided 

 silk lino. 40 or 50yds. 2. 0-1 sproat. 8. The six-strip. 



C. S. McC, Bottineau, N. D.— Would you kindly publish in your 

 paper something about the rapidity of flight of some of onr game 

 birds, such as geese, brant, the different varieties of ducks, etc.? 

 An'«. Nothing is definitely known on this sub.iect, though many 

 estimates have been made. These are to the effect that the swiftest 

 ducks flv from 90 to 100 miles an hour, and the canvasback is said 

 to be about ihe fastest of the ducks. As we say, however, nothing 

 is defiDitely known about it. 



B. A. B., New York City.— I have in my possession an Irish aet- 

 ter dog, out of a bitch of unknown pedigree, by Shot, said to be 

 registered in the American Kennel Club Stud Book, and owned by 

 J. Scannell, New York city. Would you kindly inform me if such 

 dog is registered in that book? Also, if I can register my dog 

 Bush Boy when the pedieree of the dam is unknown, and the 

 particulars for registering in the A. K. C. Stud Book? Ans. Write 

 to Mr. A. P. Vredenburgh, 14 Broadway. New York city. 



W. R, H., Calvert, Tex.— 1. Will you please tell me which is the 

 best book on bait and fly-casting for baas that you know ot, not to 

 cost over 81.50? I want an illustrated book. 2. Also, who makes 

 the best bait-casting rod? Ans. 1. Dr. Henahall's "Book of the 

 Black Bass" is the best work on the subject; the price is $3, which 

 is beyond your limit, but we know of nothing so good cheaper. 

 2. That is something nobodv knows. Any one of the makers who 

 advertise in the Forest and Stbeam will fit you out with a rod 

 so good tha t you will believe it to be "the beat;" and it is a matter 

 of opinion after all. 



Subscriber.— 1. 1 wantanewgun,about7J^lb8.12-gauge, for field 

 shooting. I want the right barrel to shoot pretty open and the 

 left to shoot close. About what target should I order for same. 

 No. 8 shot lJ4oz., 30 to 40yds.? 2. I want to get a good practical 

 book on bird dog training; should like if I could have it a book 

 that has also a good trfatise of sick dogs— caring and general 

 management of a breeding kennel, etc. Ans. 1. For right barrel 

 abont 55 or 60 per cent, of shot and for the left 70 per cenr. of shot. 

 Count a charge of the shot you use and get the exact figures, 3. 

 Hamipond's "Training vs. Breaking" and Ashraont's "Dog in 

 Health and Disease" are the two books for you. W"e can supply 

 them. 



R. R. M., New York city.— I would like to learn the pedigree of 

 a pointer dog Rex, said to have been sold by the Westminster 

 Kennel Club or at their show in 1882, '83 or '81, to a Mr. Lynch. I 

 understand there are three Rexs in; the stud book, Nos 1251.2937 

 and 40P9. Should judge this dog to have been a New England dog, 

 as bitches were bred to him in the neighborhood of Bridgeport 

 and New London, Conn. If you cnn aid me in locating this dog 

 and gi\'lng his number and pedigree, you will conler a favor on 

 one of your regular readers. Ans. The only Rex that we can find 

 that is likely to answer your description is Rex (1251, VoL I), 

 registered as owned by F. Howes, Jr., Princeton, N. J. Breeder, 

 Dr. W. S. Webb, of the Westminster Kennel Club. Whelped 

 November, 1875, black and white, by Jim out of Whiskey; Jim by 

 Grouse out of Die; Whiskey by Flash out ot Juno. He won first 

 in puppy class at Springfield, Conn., in 1876. 



Old Subsckibbh, Providence, R. I.— The following qiiestion has 

 been a great subject of discussion among lawyers in Providence. 

 Will yon kindly give your opinion and state on what authority 

 you quote from legally? If quail are killed in Wisconsin or out of 

 the State of Rhode Island, and shipped to this State, can they 

 be sold legally in this State out of season? An?. Your law 

 provides that "every person who shall take or kill, sell, buy or 

 offer for sale or have in his possession . . . any qnail frrm the 

 first day of January to the first day of October . . . shall be 

 fined twenty dollars for each of said birds," etc. There being no 

 specific exception as to game killed out of the State, our opinion 

 is that the law forbids possession or sale of quail in Rhode Island, 

 without regard to where the game was killed. Let your legal 

 friends look up the cases of Phelps vs. Racey, decided in this State 

 in 1S71, and People vs. Wagner in Illinois, in 1880 or 1881. These 

 and numerous other decisions affirm that Eame laws like your 

 own control game killed outsirie of the State limits. 



J. F. N., Steelton, Pa.— Will you kindly give us through the 

 columns of your valuable paper a description in full of the hel- 

 gramite, or dobson bait, from its orisrin to its en-l. Ans. A full 

 account was given in our "Black Bass Number," July 21, 1890: 

 "The helgramite fly {Corudahis cornutus) is the largest of our 

 nerve-winged Insects. The eggs are deposited in early summer 

 on leaves of various trees and vines overhanging running streams. 

 They are covered w^ith a white, albuminous secre'ion in a mass 

 nearly an inch in length and cntaining from 2,000 to 3,000 eggs. 

 The egg is about one-nineteenth of an inch long and one-tnird as 

 wide. The young crawl from under the mass and leave the en- 

 velope intact; they hatch simultaneously in the night. Tne young 

 larvaj crawl readily upon dry surfaces and live for a day or more 

 out of the water. The species is supposed to live three years in 

 the larval condition. Most aquatic larvse transform to the pupa 

 state within the water; but this larva quits the wafer when full 

 fed and crawls about for days seeking a place wherein to trans- 

 form. It has two rows of nine breathing holes placed along the 

 sides of the body, which enable it to breathe out of water, and two 

 sets of gills for breathing in water. It feeds on other aquatic in- 



sects, such as the larvaa of May flies and shad flies. It abounds in 

 rapid flowing streams with rocky bottom, upon which it moves 

 slowly about. After leaving the water, about the beginning of 

 June, it travels in the night, sometimes to distances of 100ft. from 

 its former habitat. Ac this season, also, it is used as fish bait. In 

 preparing for the pupa state the larva burrows into the earth,- 

 where it forms an oval cell, or hides under a stone, piece of wood 

 or other substance. Here, in about two weeks, it casts its tough 

 larval integument and assumes a curved form and position in Irs 

 cell, with the head, wing-pads and legs deflexed on the breast. 

 The color is yellow with traces of brown mottling of the larva. 

 The breathing holes are more conspicuous and the upper jaws 

 stronger and olive green. The pupa state lasts for days and the 

 perfect Insect issues during the month of July. It is.nocturnal in 

 habit and hides for the most part in obscure places during the 

 day. At this time it is sluggish and if approached will drop 

 sooner than fly, or raise its head and abdomen, and open its jaws 

 threateningly. 



INFORMATION WANTED. 

 G. H. E. asks: Will some brother sportsman inform me through 

 the columns of the Forest and Stream where I will find the 

 best deer and moose shooting in Maine? 



Forest and Stream, Box 2,833, N. Y. city, has descriptive illus- 

 trated circulars of W. B. Lefflngwell's book, "Wild Fowl Shoot- 

 ing," which will be mailed free on request. The book Is pro- 

 nounced by "Nanit," "Gloan" "Dick Swiveller," "Sybillene"' and 

 other competent authorities to be the best treatise on the subjeet 

 extant. 



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