GEOLOGICAL 



SOCIETY OP ^PENNSYLVANIA. 



311 



BITUMIKOUS COAL. 



All the Tioga coal comes strictly under this denomi- 

 nation, and is wholly within the limits of the secondary 

 deposits. There are several qualities of coal here. 



Hitherto the amount supplied to the public from this 

 quarter is very insignificant, owing to the difficulty and 

 expenses of conveyance. The existence, even, of the 

 greater part of the coal veins, their localities, and their 

 adaption to numerous uses, are only now attracting no- 

 tice. As soon as the means of transportation are effected , 

 there will be a large demand for this coal in the state of 

 New York, for the salt works, distilleries, smith's use, 

 and private consumption, extending from lakes Erie 

 and Ontario to the Hudson. 



I have enumerated many small streams which converge 

 into the Tioga, all of which intersect beds of coal. 



Bea7' creek. — Small quantities are here annually mined. 

 In quality this strongly resembles the coal of Clearfield 

 county, possessing an imperfect crystalline arrangement, 

 easily breaking with exposure to the atmosphere ; of a 

 a deep shining black colour, and traversed occasionally 

 by veins of sulphuret of iron. 



Specific gravity, 1.398. 



Weight per cubic yard, 1 ton and 119 pounds. 



Thickness of the vein 3 to 3J feet. 



Gross produce of an acre about 5000 tons. 



This description applies to the coal called Clements's. 



Bloss's coal vein is good for coke, giving out a strong 

 heat and bright flame, softening and expanding with 

 heat, and exhibiting a good proportion of bitumen. Con- 

 tains little sulphur or pyrites. 



Specific gravity averages 1.405. 



Weight per cubic yard, 1 ton and 131 pounds. 



Thickness 3 to 3| feet. 



Weight per acre about 5000 tons. 



