184 



TRANSACTIONS OF THE 



forbids, and which their external features proclaim to be 

 inapplicable. The geologist will cease to confound the 

 lofty escarpment of the old red sandstone, and of the 

 secondary coal formation, with the inferior ridges of the 

 older or preceding series of rocks. Vide pi. 7, No. 2 

 and 3. 



The sectional line of Bedford county, of which a part 

 is herewith coramunicated to the Society, pi. 7, fig. 1, 

 crosses the Alleghany ridge at right angles to its course, 

 in order best to exhibit the outcrop of its masses; pass- 

 ing over Tussey mountain, the Raystown branch of the 

 Juniata, and the region of coal and iron adjoining Broad 

 Top mountain. The nearest coal vein here rises to the 

 surface at twenty miles eastward of the Alleghany 

 mountain. 



Tussey mountain is an elevated ridge composed of 

 coarsely laminated red and white sandstones and con- 

 glomerates, whose beds incline from the Alleghany 

 mountain. From thence to the Allegripus mountain is 

 a series of undulations and low longitudinal ridges, com- 

 posed of innumerable shales and sandstones, whose in- 

 clination varies from 40 to 80° to S.E. Allegripus ridge 

 is of inferior elevation and magnitude to Tussey mountain. 

 It contains coarse quartzose conglomerate and many other 

 silicious rocks, as well as shales, and a bed of bituminous 

 shale with impressions of ferns. All these strata dip 

 eastward from 50 to 65°. Succeeding these is a series 

 of red shales, clays, marly rock and red sandstones, 

 which are cut through by the Raystown branch. This 

 river, in consequence of its many windings, likewise in- 

 tersects the conglomerate rock of Allegripus mountain 

 six times in about as many miles. Further eastward 

 we traverse an irregular mountain district composed of 

 carboniferous shales and sandstones, conglomerates and 

 gritstones, and comprising several veins of coal, the 

 whole arrangement forming an inclination of from 30 to 



