296 TRANSACTIONS OF THE 



and is very fragile ; contains sulphuret of iron ; is very 

 fat, and burns with a long yellow flame, leaving a light 

 silvery coke, which when incinerated leaves an ash free 

 from carbonates, and of a greyish-white colour. 



Composition per cent. 



Carbon, ....... 66.6 



Volatile matter, . . ■ . . . . 28.8 



Cinders, . . . . . . . 4.6 



100.0 



Coal from the bottom seam of Anderson'" s Pit, in Gooch- 

 land county, Virginia, on the north side of James 

 River. PL 16, fig . 1. 



Black, with a glimmering lustre; more compact, and 

 somewhat less brittle than the preceding variety ; gives 

 a brown powder, and not free from pyrites; ignites easi- 

 ly, and burns with a long yellow flame, leaving a light 

 silvery coke, which on being incinerated gives an ash of 

 a red violet hue, free from lime. 



Composition per cent. 



Carbon, ....... 64.2 



Volatile matter, . . . . • .26.0 



Cinders, . 9.8 



100.0 



This is the inferior quality of coal. The coal of the 

 upper vein is in higher estimation in the market. 



Mineral Charcoal, Maidenhead mine. Chesterfield 

 county, Virginia. 



This substance is by no means uncommon in the Rich- 

 mond coal beds, and resembles much in physical charac- 

 ter similar substances found in the Pennsylvania fields» 



