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KRV. S. B. MCCORMICK, ON 



are the most interesting of all. The northern and southern 

 parts of the magnificent empire of California differ most widely. 

 The first settlers in the north were the adventurous seekers 

 after gold, and their descendants are imbued with the same 

 adventurous enterprise. They are cosmopolitan in taste, habit 

 and religion. The southern part, whose first settlers were 

 health-seelvcrs and home-seekers, are conservative in their pro- 

 gress ; lovers of literature as in New England, establishing 

 many schools ; orthodox in religion as in Pennsylvania ; 

 builders of cities ns are the people of Chicago. Oregon and 

 Washington further north, settled by college men, ambitious 

 men, religious men, present the same type of enterprise and 

 solid worth easily seen in every part of the West. The law, 

 therefore, is universally operative — a determining factor in 

 forming the composite which will be the America of 

 to-morrow. 



The second important fact regarding first settlers is their 

 quality and their character. They are at once the most virile 

 and the most conservative. Statistics confirm observation to 

 the effect that it is the alert, alive, ambitious member of the 

 family and of the community who has initiative and enterprise 

 enough to leave one home and go into a new country to establish 

 another. This fact applies both to the European who came to 

 America and to the American wdio left the settled East and 

 became a pioneer in the great West. It was not only true in 

 the seventeenth and in the nineteenth century, but it 

 is true in the twentieth century also. In 1909-10, for example, 

 with an immigration of 1,041,000 — of whom 738,000 or 

 71 per cent, were males — 83 per cent, were between the ages of 

 14 and 44. However, these may differ in stock, in tradition, in 

 aspiration, and in religion from the earlier immigrants, they 

 were a selected group of able-bodied men of higher average 

 than any corresponding group of the general population. They 

 were all mentally sound — the insane and feeble of intellect 

 could not enter. They were men of good morals — the criminals 

 could not enter. They were economically solvent and thrifty, 

 bringing with them an average of |26 per person, or a total of 

 of about $28,000,000 — the pauper could not enter. They were 

 ambitious, every man came expecting and purposing to better 

 his condition. Such immigrants are a real and tremendous 

 asset to any nation, not economically only, but in all the 

 possibilities of a splendid citizenship. 



With this quality of mental alertness is the fine quality of 

 constructive conservatism. With all their enterprise they wish 



