90 
The Irish Naturalist. 
June, 
The skull was complete, both segments of the beak being 
intact. The measurements of the latter fall into line with 
those which I have determined from ten other specimens 
procured at the same locality. The more robust nature 
of the beak compared with the same in the Meadow-Pipit 
is perceptible, but here again in the Meadow-Pipit variations 
in the contour of this structure present themselves when 
series are examined. The lower segment (mandible) was 
a little protruded and deflected to the right, a displacement 
commonly found in birds which come with great force 
against the lantern glass. The tongue usually shares the 
same displacement but was missing in this specimen, pro- 
bably having been partially devoured, while the horny 
distal part, becoming free, dropped off. 
The entire vault of the skull was flattened and in the 
centre indented over an area of y mm. in diameter. Two 
brick-coloured patches, somewhat circular in outline, each 
with a diameter of about 6 mm., and situated on the frontal 
area, indicate the site in the recent state of two extensive 
sub-cranial haemorrhages : these while almost meeting at 
the sagittal suture did not coalesce. Two short fractures 
extended backwards from the upper orbital margins. 
Migratory Movements and Fate of the Bird. 
The state of the skull tells the story of how the bird met 
its end ; it colHded forcibly and head foremost with the 
lantern, and death undoubtedly was instantaneous. The 
bird then fell on the rock, where it lay until discovered by 
Mr. Glanville. It is somewhat questionable as to when it 
arrived at the lantern ; however, as birds of a given species 
are prone to migrate in the plural rather than in the singular 
number it is fair to argue d priori that the bird accompanied 
the Tree-Pipit which struck the lantern at 2 a.m. on the 
night of September 9th, 19 15, and which Mr. Glanville 
collected and forwarded to me.^ This hypothesis is 
strengthened by the fact that at 11 p.m. on that same night 
Mr. Glanville beheld a large pipit strike the lantern glass 
and glide off disabled.- He strongly suspected that it was 
(') Vide Irish Naturalist, November, 1915, p. 208. 
J. Glanville in litt. 
