376 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



the form of yellow pimples arranged in groups, and so exceedingly minute 

 that they are very likely to be overlooked ; next follows the well-known 

 "claster-cup" or aecidium stage, appearing under the form of crowded cavities- 

 filled with yellow powder, and surrounded by an irregularly notched border 

 when seen under a magnifying-glass. This phase of the fungus does 

 most harm, forming large discoloured blotches on the leaves. Later in 

 the season the winter- spores develop under the form of minute brown 

 spots on the fading leaves. 



Preventive Measures. — However badly a plant may be attacked, there 

 is no permanent mycelium present in the bulb, hence the Lily will 

 commence growth next season perfectly free from disease and remain so 

 unless inoculated by winter-spores that had been produced on some leaf 

 the previous season ; hence it is most important that all diseased stems 

 should be removed and burned before the leaves fall to the ground. If 

 this is done there can be no disease. 



Rhizopus necans, Massee. 



During the years 1896 7 this fungus was the cause of a widespread 

 epide nic which almost de strove:! the crop of Lily bulbs grown in Japan 

 for exportation to Europe. In one instance, out of a consignment con- 

 taining 73,050 bulbs of Lilium spcciosnni received in London only 250 

 bulbs were in a saleable condition, and this was by no means an isolated 

 instance. 



The disease first attacks injured roots and afterwards passes into the 

 bulb, which changes to a brownish colour and finally rots away. A full 

 account of this parasite has been given elsewhere (6). 



The fungus hibernates in the soil where the bulbs are grown, and 

 gains an entrance through roots that are broken or injured during the 

 removal of the bulbs from the ground. 



Preventive Measures. — Care should be exercised when removing bulbs 

 from the ground to injure the roots as little as possible, and it is very 

 important that no "sweating" should take place after bulbs are packed 

 or stored. 



Freshly-burned wood-charcoal crushed to a coarse powder, to which a 

 sprinkling of flowers of sulphur is added, is an excellent packing material 

 in which to keep dormant bulbs, as it not only prevents outside infection 

 but also destroys any spores or mycelium that may have been packed 

 away along with the bulbs. 



Literature Quoted. 



1. "A Lily Disease," H.Marshall Ward. .471^?. i^o^. II. 319 (1888). Ipl. 



2. "Le Botrijtis cinerca et la Maladie de la Toile," H. Prillieux. 

 Comptes rendus, (1889) I. p. 846 and p. 1251. 



8. "The Lily Disease in Bermuda," A. L. Kean. Bot. Gaz. XV. 8 

 (1890). 1 pi. 



4. "The Bermuda Lily Disease," A. F. Woods. Bull U.S. Depf, 

 Agric. No. 14 (1897). 4 figs, in text. 



5. " A Snowdrop Disease," Geo. Massee. Journ. Boy. Hort. Soc, 

 XXVI. p. 41 (1901). 1 pi. 



6. " A Lily Bulb Disease," Geo. Massee. Kew Bulletin, 1897, p. 87. 

 Ipl. 



