392 JOURNAL OF THE EOYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



these islands in every garden where the difficulties of soil and climate are 

 not insuperable, if we place them under conditions which we from 

 experience know they require. 



Of the sixty odd species now in cultivation in English gardens, there 

 are at least half of that number of species, with their numerous varieties, 

 that are perfectly hardy and may be cultivated to perfection in any 

 favourable locality ; for, though the various sections require diverse 

 treatment, it is not a very difficult matter to place them under suitable 

 conditions of soil and situation. 



For cultural purposes it is best to divide the genus into groups that 

 require different conditions of treatment in the matter of soil and situa- 

 tion, but these groups do not seem to run parallel with the botanical 

 groups. 



First, there is a group requiring full exposure, and a soil moderately 

 rich and stiff in texture, such as sandy loam and leaf mould. The species 

 that thrive under these conditions are such as : — 



Batemannice dauricum lyulclielhim 



hulbiferum elegans injrenaiciim 



candidum excelsum Szovitsianum 



clialcedonicum longiflorwn tennifolium 



CToceum pomimnmm tigrinum 



The second group comprises those species that in the matter of soil 

 require an addition of peat to the loam and leaf mould, and as regards 

 exposure will succeed in a shadeless situation, though they seem to thrive 

 best in a spot which is partially shady : that is, full sun only during 

 morning or afternoon. 



This includes species such as : — 



auratum Leichtlini 



Broioni Martagon and its varieties 



columhianuiu ])arviim 



Hansoni rube Hum 



Humboldti speciosum and its varieties 



Krameri W ctshingtonianum 



The third group comprises those that revel in a deep sandy peat soil 

 that is naturally moist but not sodden — a soil that in the driest days of 

 summer seems moist and cool on the surface, and where the situation is 

 partially shaded, such as the shadow cast over the spot during the hottest 

 part of the day by large trees some distance away. 



Among the species that thrive under these conditions are : — 



canadense superbum 



Grayi Parryi 



jpardalinum and its varieties giganteiLm 



Boezli Burbanhi 



Such are the conditions, approximately, under which I have seen the 

 species I have named flourishing best in gardens in various parts of the 

 country ; but from the close observations I have made during the past 



