ABSTRACTS. 



555 



Insect Enemies (three) of Shade Trees. By L. 0. Howard 

 {U.S.A. Dep. Ayr. Farm. Bull. 99, pp. 1-80, %s. 1-11, 1899).— Descrip- 

 tions, figures, &c., are given of three different kinds of moths whose cater- 

 pillars are injurious to the foliage of various shade and ornamental trees 

 in the United States — the " Bagworm," the caterpillar of Thyridopterijx 

 cplip.memformis ; the " \Yhite ^Marked Tussock Moth" (Orgyia leuco- 

 stigma)\ the "Fall Webworm," the caterpillar of Hyphantria cunea; 

 and the imported Elm-leaf Beetle, whose grubs are very destructive in some 

 places to the foliage of Elms. Tables are given showing the comparative 

 immunity from insects of different varieties of " shade trees." None of 

 the four insects mentioned in this bulletin are indigenous to this country. 



a. S. S. ' 



Insect Pests. By Walter W. Froggatt {Agr. Ga z. X.S.W. \ol. xii. 



(Part 7, pp. 794 to 805). — An interesting, exhaustive, and well-illustrated 

 article giving the life-history of the pests that have come under notice 

 during 1900, the most noticeable being the Weed Weevil {Lixus Mastcrsi), 

 Auger Beetle (Boslrychopsis jcsuita), the Mediterranean Fruit-fly 

 (Ilalteropliora capitata), and a Carrot-seed pest. — A. W. S. 



Insects, Destruction of. By E. E. Bogue {U.S.A. Exp. Stn., 

 Oklahoma, 1898-99, p. 87). — This short article demonstrates the necessity 

 of immediate attention to the destruction of injurious insects, and the 

 usefulness of observation and common sense among farmers. 



A farmer in Oklahoma noticed that a certain destructive beetle was 

 dull and stupid in the very early morning, and trained a flock of turkeys 

 to follow him to the spot in the early morning, when he jarred the 

 beetles off the trees with a pole, and the turkeys ate them. 



One of the best friends of the Oklahoma farmer is the little horned 

 toad, which thrives on many bugs, caterpillars, and other insects. 



The "praying mantis" also should be encouraged, as it devours 

 plant-lice.— C. H. C. 



Insects, Injurious {U.S.A. St.Bd. Oregon, 1899-1900, pp. 280-404). 

 — Life-histories of the following injurious insects are given, together with 

 preventive measures found most useful. The histories are as a rule very 

 full. The Codlin IMoth (8 plates) ; the Apple Plant-louse (2 plates, 30 

 figs.) ; the Woolly Aphis (2 figs.) ; the Fruit-tree Bark Beetle (4 figs.) ; 

 Apple-tree Borers (3 figs.) ; Oyster Scale ; Pear-leaf Mite (1 plate) ; 

 Clover Mite (1 fig.) ; San .Jose Scale (1 plate, 7 figs.) ; Bed Spider ; 

 Peach-tree Borer (6 plates) ; the Bud Moth (1 plate) ; the Peach-twig 

 Moth ; Peach Aphis ; Plum Aphis ; Pear Slug (4 figs.) ; Hop-plant 

 Louse (5 figs.)— i^. C. 



Insects injurious to the Apple-tree. By .T. M. Southwick 



{U.S.A. St. Bd. Agr. Rhode Is. 1900, pp. 1-12).— A pamphlet which 

 gives a very terse description of each of the insects which are injurious to 

 Apple-trees in Rhode Island, their natural enemies, and the best remedies. 



G. S. S. 



Insects injurious to the Violet, Rose, and other Ornamental 

 Plants. By F. H. Chittenden {U.S.A. Dep. Agr. Bull. 27, 1901).— 



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