ABSTRACTS. 



579 



Scale Insect, The St. Jose. By J. M. Southwick {U.S.A. St. 

 Bd. Ayr. Bhode Is. Bull. Sept. 7, 1900, pp. 1-6).— This little pamphlet 

 gives a description, the life-history, and the best means of keeping this 

 insect in check. The scientific name of the San Jose Scale is Aspidiotus 

 pcrniciosus. — Lt. S. S. 



Scale Insects, Lime Mixtures for the Eradication of. Anon. 

 {Jour. Bd. Agr. vol. viii. No. 1, pp. 53-54, June 1901). — A note on the 

 experiments with limewater, or whitewash, as conducted in Canada in 1899 

 against the Oyster-shell Bark-louse {Mytilaspis pomorum). Two spray- 

 ings in autumn with a mixture of 1 lb. of lime to 1 gallon of water gave 

 satisfactory results. This pest is known in England as the " Mussel 

 Scale," and the mixture might be applied in this country with the same 

 results.— it. N. 



Scale, The Pernicious or San Jose. John B. Smith {New 

 Jersey Agr. Exp. St. Bull. 116, figs. 1-8, Sept. 1896).— The history of 

 the appearance of this destructive coccid is given, and the life-history 

 briefly stated. Four formulae are given, in which lime and sulphur form 

 the chief ingredients.— i?. N. 



Scales, Common Orchard. John B. Smith [Neiv Jersey Agr. 

 Exp. St. Bull. 140, pp. 1-16, tigs. 1-8, Oct. 1899).— Details are given of 

 'the Mussel Scale {Mytilaspis pomorum), the Harris Louse " {Chionapsis 

 furfurus), and the San Jose Scale {Aspidiotus perniciosus).—^'' The weak 

 point in the life-history of these scales is in the unprotected larval stage, 

 in which they succumb easily to even weak insecticides. A 10 per cent, 

 mechanical mixture of kerosene (paraffin) and water, kerosene emulsion, 

 1 to 12, or whale-oil soap, 1 pound in 4 gallons of water, may be suc- 

 cessfully used, and, as all the eggs hatch about the same time, one 

 thorough application made while the larvas are crawling will so clear a 

 tree as to make it safe for two or three vears at least. That is easv." 



R. N. 



Scapania Massalongi. By Karl Miiller (Freiburg i, B.) {Belli. 

 Bot. Cent. bd. 11, ht. 1 ; pp. 1-5 with plate). A description and discussion 

 of the affinities of a new Liverwort Scapania Massalongi, C. Mlill. Frib., 

 from Italy, which is intermediate between S. carintiaca and S. apiciilata. 

 The plant was found by C. Massalongo, " Revolto ad ligna emarcida 

 Pinipice^e prov. Verona," September 23, 1878, and August 19, 1879. The 

 plate is excellent. — G. F. S.-E. 



Schizanthus Wisetonensis. By Ch. Pynaert {Bev. Hort. Beige, t. 

 xxvii. p. 169 (Col. pi.), No. 8, August 1901). — Introduced to Belgium 

 by Messrs. Hugh Low, of London. It appears to have created a sensa- 

 tion as an excellent acquisition." A full description is given of the 

 plant, which has white flowers, shaded with pink and orange. 



Schomburgkia Thomsoniana. By R. A. Rolfe {Orch. Bev. p. 325, 

 Nov. 1901). — A most interesting article, giving the history of this rare 

 species. — H. J, C, 



