ABSTRACTS. 



583 



Spider, Red. By L. Mangin {Rev. Hort. p. 256 ; June 1901).— 

 Remedies for its destruction and that of other insect pests. — C T. D. 



Spiraas, Bush. By W. Goldring (Gard. Marj. 2,48G, p. 385, 22 6/ 

 1901).— A descriptive account of the finest species and varieties of shrubby 

 Spiraeas, with notes on their cultivation. An iUustration is given of 

 S. argil ta, the finest of the early white-flowered species. — W. G. 



Spraying" {U.S.A. Exp. Stn. Cornell Univ. No. 188; 3/1901),— 

 Gives time at which to spray different plants and trees for various fungoid 

 and insect pests, and formuhe for the making of various spraying solutions. 



F. J. C. 



Spraying" Fruit-trees {Amer. Gard. xxii. p. 408, 8 6 1901).— 

 Recent experiments by Professors S. A. Beach and L. H. Bailey tend to 

 prove that spraying fruit-trees in blossom is dangerous to the crop, and 

 if not altogether ruining it, in any case it decreases the yield of fruit. The 

 laboratory experiments showed that even dilute spray mixtures affected 

 the stigmatic surfaces of the flower, preventing the pollen from growing 

 thereon, while in some cases both the pistil and the stamens withered 

 awav after being sprayed, thus preventing the formation of fruit. 



C. C. H. 



Spraying" with Crude Petroleum {Amer. Gard. xxii. p. 581 ; 

 21/8 1901). — Experiments recently carried out in Canada by Mr. G. E. 

 Fisher, Provincial Inspector of San Jose Scale, tend to show that crude 

 petroleum is more effective for spraying purposes than arsenic, and at the 

 same time, if carefully used, does not injure the foliage in the least. 

 The main point is to apply it with a very fine spray nozzle, and to do 

 this Mr. Fisher employed a watchmaker to make one so fine as fifty 

 diameters to the inch : this is much finer than the finest Yermorel nozzle, 

 and proved very satisfactory. — C. C. H. 



Spruces, Weeping"" {Gartenflora, p. 315; figs. 48 and 49; 

 15/ 6 1901). — Figures are given of two Spruce trees showing the " weep- 

 ing " habit. Both are growing in the Harz district. The smaller 

 specimen at a distance looks like a pole clothed with hops. It is about 

 14 metres high, and measures at the ground-line only -6 metre in circum- 

 ference. The ^branches, which are exceptionally thin, do not bend up at 

 the tips, but droop completely. The larger example is about 23 metres 

 high. Its lower dry branches bend down gradually until parallel with 

 the stem. At a point about 8 metres high from the ground the stem 

 bears living branches which bend outwards, somewhat like the ribs of an 

 umbrella ; above these the branches droop completely as in the form pre- 

 viously mentioned. — /. P. 



Staphylea elegans var. Hessei, Zabel. By A. Hesse (G(?r/<'////orrt, 

 p. 322 ; 15/ 6 1901). — A beautiful variety of StapJtylea, with white flowers 

 flushed with rose. Hesse raised it from seeds of S. colchica obtained 

 from the Caucasus. Zabel's description of the variety is given. This 

 authoi considers it a hybrid between S. colchica var. Coiilouibierii and 

 S. piniiata. — J. P. 



