ABSTRACTS. 



589 



timber is grown in these counties. The system mostly in vogue of growing 

 underwood, which is periodically cut, is condemned as ruining the Oak- 

 trees, which, it is asserted, do not grow to the size they should on account 

 of the stems being subjected to alternate periods of shelter and exposure, 

 which is detrimental to their proper growth, and the trees are in con- 

 sequence stunted, and of little value, being not worth more than two 

 pounds apiece. — G. S. S. 



Worms, Nematode. By George E. Stone and Ralph E. Smith 

 (Hatch Exp. St. Mass. Agr. Col. Bull. No. 55, pp. 1-67 ; plates 1-12).— 

 An exhaustive treatise on these destructive eel-worms. The authors have 

 " aimed to give simply a clear and concise description of the nature of 

 nematode worms and their relation to greenhouse plants, together with 

 what they have been able to learn concerning means and methods for 

 their suppression." The species dealt with was identified as Heterodera 

 raclicola, which is equally destructive in this country. A list of the food- 

 plants is given, which include the Graminece, LeguminoscB, and Co7n- 

 positcE out of doors, and under glass the Cucumber, Tomato, Violet, 

 Cyclamen, &c. In summarising the treatment by chemicals, the authors 

 state : " Our own experiments, which were very exhaustive, have con- 

 vinced us that the application of chemical substances to the soil is of little 

 practical value in ridding it of nematodes." " The desiccation method " 

 consists of drying the soil. Vanha, who discovered the process, applies 

 lime at the rate of 2-4 tons per acre for outdoor treatment. The authors 

 also found that " drying small masses of soil in the greenhouse for a 

 number of weeks completely rids the soil of nematodes." 



Cucumbers and other plants cultivated under glass in this country are 

 often seriously injured by nematode or eel- worms, which are frequently 

 introduced in the turf used in the cultivation of such plants. By subjecting 

 the material to great heat, such as the top of a heating apparatus, a safe 

 means of prevention could be thus obtained. Houses once infested with 

 nematodes should be thoroughly cleaned out (removing all soil), dried, and 

 lime-washed before re-establishing fresh plants. (See also "Nematode.") 



B. N. 



Xysmalobium Schumannianum. By Spencer Le M. Moore 

 (Journ. Bot. 259; 8 1901). — Description of a new species from 



British East Africa.— S. B. 



Zaghouania Phillyrese, Champignon Algero-Tunisien, par 



N. Patouillard {Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. tom. xvii. fasc. iii. 1901, with pi.). 

 — New genus and species of Uredine on Phillyrea media. Teleutospores 

 four-septate, subcylindrical ; allied to Coleosporiicm. — J/. C. C. 



