664 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



For later use 'Scarlet Nonpareil,' * Braddick's Nonpareil,' ' Fearn's 

 Pippin,' ' Cockle Pippin,' and ' Adams' Pearmain ' are most in favour. 



Cooking Apples. — Of these, 'Lord Suffield,' 'Lord Grosvenor,' 

 ' Duchess of Oldenburg,' ' Keswick Codlin,' ' Ecklinville,' ' Potts' Seed- 

 ling,' 'The Queen,' 'Stirling Castle,' 'Warner's King,' ' Loddington,' 

 ' Tower of Glamis,' 'Lord Derby,' 'Mere de Menage,' 'Lady Henniker,' 

 ' Bramley's Seedling,' ' Lane's Prince Albert,' ' Wellington,' ' Alfriston,' 

 and ' Galloway Pippin ' are all reliable as free bearers, having large fruits, 

 and of excellent quality. These are mostly well-known varieties, and as 

 such need no description ; but, if asked to select one from the number 

 that possessed pre-eminent merit, my choice would be ' Galloway Pippin.' 

 It is of local origin, but is now widely distributed, and if it crops as freely 

 and is of as good quality elsew^here as in this part of the world, it is 

 worthy of greatly extended cultivation. Formerly the main supply of 

 Apples hereabouts was probably of this variety, to which surmise the 

 many old trees (some still in good bearing order, but many past their 

 best) that may be met with in gardens of all descriptions give ample 

 testimony. 



So far, only well-tried varieties have been referred to, as it would make 

 this paper too lengthy to mention others of recent introduction, which, 

 although they ban scarcely be expected to surpass the older ones for 

 quality, yet, owing to beauty of form, size, and colour which some of them 

 possess, will render them indispensable in every representative collection, 

 and more especially where Apples are required for exhibition. 



Pears. — Except in warm seasons like the present (1901), the Pear 

 crop from the open ground, whether the trees be grown as bushes, stand- 

 ards, or espaliers, is not usually so satisfactory as that of Apples. The 

 best for planting in the open are ' Jargonelle,' ' Williams' Bon Chretien,' 

 'Fertility,' 'Louise Bonne of Jersey,' and ' Beurre Capiaumont,' among 

 the finer sorts ; while for very exposed situations ' Early Crawford,' 

 ' Hessle,' ' Muirfowl Egg,' and some of the Bergamots are still favoured, 

 and the owner of healthy, well-laden trees of these may at times realise 

 a very handsome return for the crop. In addition to the five first-named 

 varieties, the following do w^ell and produce very fine fruit when trained 

 against walls : — ' Pitmaston Duchess,' ' Beurre d'Amanlis,' ' Beurr^ Diel,' 

 ' Beurre Superfin,' 'Doyenne du Comice,' ' Winter Nelis,' 'Beurre Sterck- 

 mans,' ' Ne Plus Meuris,' ' Easter Beurre,' and ' Beurre Ranee.' The 

 last is not very reliable as a dessert Pear, but is excellent for stewing 

 and, together with ' Catillac,' ' Verulam,' and ' Vicar of Winkfield,' main- 

 tains a supply throughout the season. I have unintentionally omitted 

 ' Marie Louise,' which is the best autumn Pear grown here, and for 

 flavour far surpasses ' Thompson's,' and ' Doyenne du Comice,' and it 

 generally bears as freely as any variety ; a fact which was apparently 

 fully recognised in former times, as there are four old fan-trained trees, 

 which in the aggregate cover a wall-space of thirty yards by four yards, 

 and which, at the least, have been in existence for fifty years. 



So far no mention has been made of more recently introduced Pears, 

 as * Triomphe de Vienne,' ' Margaret Marillat,' ' Magnate,' ' Beurre 

 Mortillet,' 'Beurre Bachelier,' 'Beurre Dumont,' 'Marie Benoist,' and 

 some others which have already become indispensable to exhibitors, and 



