820 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Apparently banding is more efficient in Idaho than in any other State 

 where experiments have been made. The number of larvae caught is 

 sometimes very large. Professor Aldrich records that the highest number 

 he found on one tree in a week was 110. Various persons have found from 

 fifty to 190 on neglected trees. I once found 170 under a neglected band 

 and a cloth in the crotch of a large tree. In 1898 Mr. Ayres obtained from 

 six to fifteen worms per tree throughout the season. In the maximum in 

 September I have obtained on large trees as many as twenty to thirty daily 

 for a few days in a neglected orchard. Professor Aldrich records that in his 

 banding experiments he obtained 215 worms per tree for the season 

 of 1899. 



The worms which have been collected under bands should be killed 

 every seven days. Six days is recommended by some. I think six days 

 too short, as but few moths emerge before seven or eight days. However, 

 the person who is killing the larvae can easily tell whether the time is too 

 long or too short. If old pupal skins are found the time is too long, and 

 if no larvae have changed to pupae the time is too short. 



Many ways of killing the larvfe have been used, such as burning 

 temporary bands, plunging the permanent bands in hot water, or running 

 them through a clothes- wringer. I find that the majority of fruit-growers 

 in Idaho simply crush the worms, or cut them with a knife. Hon. Edgar 

 Wilson suggested to me that, as the larvae used parts of the band and 

 bark with which to build its cocoon, poisoning the band might be an easy 

 way of getting rid of many. I tried soaking the cloth bands in strong 

 solution of Paris green, but the results do not w^arrant any definite state- 

 ment. I believe that this may kill some of the last spinning-up, but 

 doubt its efficiency for the earliest broods. However, it is worthy of 

 further investigation. In want of better knowledge many people apply 

 bands and do not kill the worms that have collected. In this way the 

 insect is positively aided. Professor Gillette records a fact that must be 

 noted. He finds that in the spring the larvae leave their old cocoons and 

 migrate to other places and spin new ones. This, however, is not always 

 the case, but it should be guarded against. Bands should be applied 

 about tw^o weeks after the blossoms have fallen, and be kept on for a week 

 or so after all the fruit has been picked in the orchard. 



Banding should always be practised in connection with spraying, and 

 by this combination the best results are obtained. 



By spraying with Paris green and London purple and by banding, Mr. 

 Tiner, of Boise, saved about 80 per cent, of his apples. This orchard is 

 in the city of Boise and has neglected orchards all around it. 



Hon. Edgar Wilson used arsenites and banding. In the part of the 

 orchard not infested by the moths from the apple- house the loss is 

 estimated at from 5 to 10 per cent. In Mr. Fremont Wood's orchard the 

 results were about the same. 



Dr. Ustick, of Boise, used lime arsenite and banding. I estimated his 

 loss to be about 10 per cent. I visited these last three orchards Septem- 

 ber 24, and, searching diligently under the bands for larv«, found but three 

 under thirty or forty bands. Mr. C. Hinze, of Payette, used Paris green 

 with either kerosene or coal-tar. He writes me that his total loss from all 

 causes amounted to only 0*05 per cent. 



