November, 1906. 
The Irish Naturalist. 
237 
THE HYiENA-DKNS OF THE MAMMOTH CAVE 
NEAR DONERAIIvE, CO. CORK. 
BY R. J. USSHKR, D.I<-, M.R.I. A. 
In my communication to the Royal Irish Academy {Proceedings, 
Nov., 1904), the discovery of extinct animals in this sj^stem of 
caves is described. Since then I have devoted 31 weeks to 
the excavation of the rich contents, and have altogether sent 
to the Dublin Museum 76 baskets-full of fossil bones and teeth 
from the Mammoth Cave. 
The summer and autumn of 1905 were occupied in clearing 
out the contents of the Hyaena-Hall and the cavities connected 
with it, which yielded enormous quantities of bones of Rein- 
deer, a great many of Bear and Mammoth ; while Wolf and 
Hysena were also represented, the latter by a very perfect 
ramus of the lower jaw. 
The bones and teeth of I^emming were found to occur in the 
sand of the Hysena-Hall in the utmost profusion, and with the 
above animals a few bones of birds were associated. 
In June, 1906, we broke up the stalagmite floor of the pas- 
sage to the Elephant-Hall, which extended into and covered 
much of the latter, and in it found several bones of Mammoth 
completely enclosed in stalagmite, while others were deeper 
in the sand. The latter deposit was removed from a great 
part of the Elephant-Hall to daylight, but the results were 
less satisfactory than in the Hysena-Hall. 
At the end of July we went to work in a very remote series 
of eleven galleries, more than 100 yards from the cave's mouth, 
and approached through the Fairy Hall and the Hall of the 
Agonies by much creeping through low passages. I know 
this remote part as " Hyaena-land " from the abundance of 
remains of that animal which were found there, with its 
coprolites, and the bones of its prey deeply scored by its re- 
markable teeth. 
Extracts from Daii,y Notks. 
JuiyY 30 — There are four small, narrow galleries, which had 
the upper stalagmite floor overhead. This, as well as the 
.dividing walls, are broken down in places. The gallery which 
we dug to-day had a bed of dark sand, in which were fragments 
A 
